Heroin use and heroin use risk behaviors among nonmedical users of prescription opioid pain relievers - United States, 2002-2004 and 2008-2010
Heroin use and heroin use risk behaviors among nonmedical users of prescription opioid pain relievers - United States, 2002-2004 and 2008-2010
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.01.007
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Jones, Christopher M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, Christopher M.
背景：近年来，海洛因使用和过量死亡有所增加。新出现的信息表明，这是阿片类止痛药的非医疗使用增加和非医疗使用者过渡到海洛因使用的结果。了解这种关系是至关重要的公共卫生interventions.Methods的发展：从2002-2004年全国药物使用和健康调查的综合数据进行了比较，2008-2010年的调查，以检查过去一年阿片类止痛药的非医疗使用者的海洛因使用和危险行为的模式。在2002-2004年和2008-2010年期间，在报告过去一年非医疗使用阿片类止痛药（PYNMU）的人群中，过去一年海洛因使用增加（p < 0.01），但在报告没有PYNMU的人群中没有增加。频繁非医疗使用者-报告PYNMU 100-365天的人-过去一年海洛因使用率最高，与不频繁非医疗使用者（PYNMU 1-29天）相比，过去一年注射海洛因（aOR 43，95% CI 2.5-7.3）和过去一年海洛因滥用或依赖（aOR 7.8，95% CI 4.7-12.8）的风险增加。在2008-2010年，82.6%在过去一年中使用海洛因的频繁非医疗使用者报告在开始使用海洛因之前非医疗使用阿片类止痛药，而2002- 2004年为64.1%。2002-2004年和2008-2010年期间，阿片类止痛药非医疗使用者中的海洛因使用有所增加，大多数报告在开始使用海洛因之前非医疗使用阿片类止痛药。需要采取干预措施，以防止这些药物的非医疗使用，并应重点关注高风险群体，如阿片类药物的频繁非医疗使用者。出版社：Elsevier爱尔兰Ltd.
Background: Heroin use and overdose deaths have increased in recent years. Emerging information suggests this is the result of increases in nonmedical use of opioid pain relievers and nonmedical users transitioning to heroin use. Understanding this relationship is critically important for the development of public health interventions.Methods: Combined data from the 2002-2004 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health were compared to the 2008-2010 surveys to examine patterns of heroin use and risk behaviors among past year nonmedical users of opioid pain relievers.Results: Between 2002-2004 and 2008-2010, past year heroin use increased among people reporting past year nonmedical use (PYNMU) of opioid pain relievers (p < 0.01), but not among those reporting no PYNMU. Frequent nonmedical users - people reporting 100-365 days of PYNMU - had the highest rate of past year heroin use and were at increased risk for ever injecting heroin (aOR 43, 95% CI 2.5-7.3) and past year heroin abuse or dependence (aOR 7.8, 95% CI 4.7-12.8) compared to infrequent nonmedical users (1-29 days of PYNMU). In 2008-2010, 82.6% of frequent nonmedical users who used heroin in the past year reported nonmedical use of opioid pain relievers prior to heroin initiation compared to 64.1% in 2002-2004.Conclusions: Heroin use among nonmedical users of opioid pain relievers increased between 2002-2004 and 2008-2010, with most reporting nonmedical use of opioid pain relievers before initiating heroin. Interventions to prevent nonmedical use of these drugs are needed and should focus on high-risk groups such as frequent nonmedical users of opioids. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.