Effect of an Ectomycorrhizal Fungus on the Growth of Castanea henryi Seedlings and the Seasonal Variation of Root Tips’ Structure and Physiology
Effect of an Ectomycorrhizal Fungus on the Growth of Castanea henryi Seedlings and the Seasonal Variation of Root Tips’ Structure and Physiology
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/f12121643
复制
发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
H. Xiong;Ping Chen;Wang Chen;Yinghui Yang;Yijia Jin;Shiyi Tian;J. Masabni;D. Yuan;F. Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Xiong;Ping Chen;Wang Chen;Yinghui Yang;Yijia Jin;Shiyi Tian;J. Masabni;D. Yuan;F. Zou
锥栗是中国南方普遍存在的阔叶板栗树种，具有重要的生态和经济价值。与其他板栗品种一样，它主要用于生产坚果。然而，事实证明，在新果园中建立亨利树幼苗是很困难的，因为由于其粗根结构与中国南方营养贫乏的红色酸性土壤不相容，很少有幼苗能够在移栽中存活。由于根部与外生菌根（ECM）真菌的关联，根部结构可以得到深刻的改变，并且可以减轻营养压力。美味牛肝菌 (Boletus edulis) 是一种具有食用和药用子实体的 ECM 真菌。然而，它对植物生长的影响因与其相关的植物种类而异。为了阐明 B. edulis 在 C. henryi 造林中的作用，我们评估了生长参数和土壤酶活性，以及 ECM 根尖生理和结构的季节变化。接种后6个月测量生长反应和土壤酶活性。还比较了全年不同季节根尖的生理特征。 B. edulis 在 C. henryi 根上的定植成功，定植率为 60%。接种苗（JG）的高度、基径和生物量（特别是地下部分）均高于未接种苗（CK）。 JG的根总长度、根表面积、根体积、根平均直径和根尖数量均高于CK。此外，JG表现出较高的总氮和总磷含量。冬季观察到异常的地幔和Harting网。无论季节如何，与无ECM尖（nE）和无ECM尖（woE）相比，ECM尖具有较高的抗氧化酶活性、根系活性、可溶性蛋白含量和较低的丙二醛，并且nE和woE之间没有差异。了解寄主植物的生长对 ECM 的响应非常重要，并且 ECM 根尖的季节性变化在种植高质量的 C. henryi 幼苗时非常重要，因为 B. edulis 在提高幼苗初始成活率方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
Castanea henryi is a ubiquitous hardwood chestnut species in southern China and is important both ecologically and economically. It is mainly cultivated for nut production, just like other chestnut species. However, the establishment of C. henryi seedlings in a new orchard has proven to be difficult because few seedlings survive transplanting due to the incompatibility of their coarse root architecture with nutrient-depleted red acid soils in southern China. Root architecture can be profoundly modified and nutrient can be stress alleviated due to the association of roots with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Boletus edulis is an ECM fungus with edible and medicinal fruiting bodies. However, its impact on plant growth varies with the plant species it is associated with. In order to elucidate the role of B. edulis in C. henryi afforestation, we evaluated growth parameters and soil enzymatic activities, as well as seasonal variations in physiology and structure of ECM root tips. Growth responses and soil enzymatic activities were measured 6 months after inoculation. The physiological characteristics of root tips were also compared at various seasons throughout the year. B. edulis colonization of C. henryi roots was successful at a 60% colonization rate. Height, base diameter, and biomass (especially the underground part) of inoculated seedlings (JG) were higher than those of uninoculated seedlings (CK). JG had higher root total length, root surface area, root volume, root average diameter, and number of root tips than CK. Additionally, JG exhibited higher total nitrogen and phosphorus content. Abnormal mantle and Harting net were observed in winter. No matter the season, ECM tips had higher antioxidant enzyme activities, root activities, soluble protein content, and lower malondialdehyde compared to non-ECM tips (nE) and those without ECM tips (woE), and there were no differences between nE and woE. It is important to understand the growth of the host plant in response to ECM and that the seasonal variation of ECM root tips is important when growing high-quality C. henryi seedlings, due to the crucial role of B. edulis in improving seedling initial survival rate.