Social intelligence in the normal and autistic brain: an fMRI study
Social intelligence in the normal and autistic brain: an fMRI study
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00621.x
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Williams, SCR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baron-Cohen, S;Ring, HA;Williams, SCR
越来越多的人支持“社会智力”的存在[Humphrey(1984)意识恢复]，独立于一般智力。兄弟[(1990)J.Cog.Neurosc.，4,107-118]提出了一个由神经区域组成的网络，这些区域组成了“社会脑”：眼眶-额叶皮质(OFC)、颞上回(STG)和杏仁核。我们通过检查正常受试者以及高功能自闭症或阿斯伯格综合症(AS)患者来测试Brothers的理论，这些患者众所周知存在社会智力缺陷，可能还有杏仁核功能缺陷[Bauman&Kemper(1988)J，神经病学]。实验Neurol，47,369]，我们使用了一项测试，从另一个人的眼神中判断另一个人可能在想什么或感觉到什么。使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)，我们证实了Brothers的预测，即在使用社交智力时，STG和杏仁核显示出更多的激活。前额叶皮质的一些区域也表现出激活。相比之下，自闭症或强直性脊柱炎患者在从眼睛做出精神推断时，激活的是额颞区，而不是杏仁核。这些结果为正常功能的社会脑理论和孤独症的杏仁核理论提供了支持。
There is increasing support for the existence of 'social intelligence' [Humphrey (1984) Consciousness Regained], independent of general intelligence. Brothers [(1990) J. Cog. Neurosci., 4, 107-118] proposed a network of neural regions that comprise the 'social brain': the orbito-frontal cortex (OFC), superior temporal gyrus (STG) and amygdala. We tested Brothers' theory by examining both normal subjects as well as patients with high-functioning autism or Asperger syndrome (AS), who are well known to have deficits in social intelligence, and perhaps deficits in amygdala function [Bauman & Kemper (1988) J, Neuropath. Exp. Neurol,, 47, 369], We used a test of judging from the expressions of another person's eyes what that other person might be thinking or feeling. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we confirmed Brothers' prediction that the STG and amygdala show increased activation when using social intelligence. Some areas of the prefrontal cortex also showed activation. In contrast, patients with autism or AS activated the fronto-temporal regions but not the amygdala when making mentalistic inferences from the eyes. These results provide support for the social brain theory of normal function, and the amygdala theory of autism.