How do age and nature of the motor task influence visuomotor adaptation?
How do age and nature of the motor task influence visuomotor adaptation?
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年龄和运动任务的性质如何影响视觉运动适应？
DOI：
10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.09.001
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Earhart,GammonM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nemanich,SamuelT;Earhart,GammonM
棱镜眼镜的视觉适应是一种常用于理解运动系统如何响应视觉扰动的范例。伸手和步行适应都有记录，但没有直接比较。由于感觉运动环境和需求是不同的达到和步行，我们假设，棱镜适应的特点，即速率和后效，将是不同的步行相比，达到。此外，我们的目的是确定年龄对运动适应的影响。我们研究了健康的年轻人和老年人，他们在使用和不使用棱镜眼镜的情况下执行视觉引导的到达和行走任务。我们注意到年龄对视觉运动适应的影响，例如老年人的适应和重新适应速度比年轻人慢，这与之前对老年人适应的研究一致，这与雅阁一致。有趣的是，我们还注意到，与伸手相比，两组在步行棱镜适应过程中适应较慢，并且显示出较小的后效。我们建议，步行适应是缓慢的，因为复杂的多效应器和多感官的需求与步行。总而言之，这些数据表明，人类可以适应各种运动类型，但适应的速度和程度在不同运动类型和年龄之间并不相同。
Visuomotor adaptation with prism glasses is a paradigm often used to understand how the motor system responds to visual perturbations. Both reaching and walking adaptation have been documented, but not directly compared. Because the sensorimotor environment and demands are different between reaching and walking, we hypothesized that characteristics of prism adaptation, namely rates and aftereffects, would be different during walking compared to reaching. Furthermore, we aimed to determine the impact of age on motor adaptation. We studied healthy younger and older adults who performed visually guided reaching and walking tasks with and without prism glasses. We noted age effects on visuomotor adaptation, such that older adults adapted and re-adapted slower compared to younger adults, in accord with previous studies of adaptation in older adults. Interestingly, we also noted that both groups adapted slower and showed smaller aftereffects during walking prism adaptation compared to reaching. We propose that walking adaptation is slower because of the complex multi-effector and multi-sensory demands associated with walking. Altogether, these data suggest that humans can adapt various movement types but the rate and extent of adaptation is not the same across movement types nor across ages.