Three FT and multiple CEN and BFT genes regulate maturity, flowering, and vegetative phenology in kiwifruit.
Three FT and multiple CEN and BFT genes regulate maturity, flowering, and vegetative phenology in kiwifruit.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erx044
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Varkonyi-Gasic E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Voogd C;Brian LA;Wang T;Allan AC;Varkonyi-Gasic E
猕猴桃CEN、BFT和FT基因的顺序作用调节着猕猴桃的生长、休眠和开花。两个不同表达的FT基因对开花和植物形态有不同的影响。猕猴桃是一种多年生木本园艺作物，其特点是营养旺盛，幼嫩期长，产量低。为了了解猕猴桃开花和冬休眠的分子调控因素，我们对猕猴桃PEBP（磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白）基因家族进行了鉴定和表征。5个CEN-like基因和3个BFT-like基因是差异表达的，是功能保守的花抑制因子，而2个MFT-like基因对开花时间没有影响。ft样基因存在差异表达，其中AcFT1局限于茎尖，而AcFT2局限于成熟叶片。两者都是有效的开花激活因子，但AcFT2在拟南芥中的表达对植物形态的影响比AcFT1更大。在猕猴桃中，这两种构建体的组成性表达都促进了离体开花，但AcFT2比AcFT1表现出更高的开花激活效率，直接导致成花转变，限制了叶片发育。在AcFT1猕猴桃品系中观察到叶片和花的分化。在生长和休眠周期中，腋芽芽中特定PEBP基因的顺序激活表明其在猕猴桃营养和生殖物候的调控中具有特定的作用。AcCEN和AcCEN4标志着活性生长，AcBFT2与冬季潜伏芽生长抑制有关，只有AcFT在冷积累和休眠释放后被激活。
Sequential action of kiwifruit CEN, BFT, and FT genes regulates growth, dormancy, and flowering. Two differentially expressed FT genes have different impacts on flowering and plant morphology. Kiwifruit is a woody perennial horticultural crop, characterized by excessive vegetative vigor, prolonged juvenility, and low productivity. To understand the molecular factors controlling flowering and winter dormancy, here we identify and characterize the kiwifruit PEBP (phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein) gene family. Five CEN-like and three BFT-like genes are differentially expressed and act as functionally conserved floral repressors, while two MFT-like genes have no impact on flowering time. FT-like genes are differentially expressed, with AcFT1 confined to shoot tip and AcFT2 to mature leaves. Both act as potent activators of flowering, but expression of AcFT2 in Arabidopsis resulted in a greater impact on plant morphology than that of AcFT1. Constitutive expression of either construct in kiwifruit promoted in vitro flowering, but AcFT2 displayed a greater flowering activation efficiency than AcFT1, leading to immediate floral transition and restriction of leaf development. Both leaf and flower differentiation were observed in AcFT1 kiwifruit lines. Sequential activation of specific PEBP genes in axillary shoot buds during growth and dormancy cycles indicated specific roles in regulation of kiwifruit vegetative and reproductive phenologies. AcCEN and AcCEN4 marked active growth, AcBFT2 was associated with suppression of latent bud growth during winter, and only AcFT was activated after cold accumulation and dormancy release.