Upper airway patency in the human infant: influence of airway pressure and posture.
Upper airway patency in the human infant: influence of airway pressure and posture.
复制标题
人类婴儿上呼吸道通畅：气道压力和姿势的影响。
DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1980.48.3.500
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Abu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Wilson;B. Thach;R. Brouillette;Y. Abu
我们已经确定了跨壁压和颈部姿势对婴儿死亡后上呼吸道通畅的影响。在自然的休息姿势，气道关闭时的透壁压不超过正常情况下看到的峰值吸气气流在活着的婴儿，这意味着神经肌肉机制是必要的，以保持气道通畅在生活中。颈部屈曲提高了闭合压力，使气道更容易塌陷，而颈部伸展降低了闭合压力，使气道更能抵抗塌陷。当屈曲角度保持不变时，通过转动头部或使婴儿俯卧，闭合压力没有显著改变。需要高于相应闭合压力的压力才能重新打开闭合的气道，这表明闭合气道的壁倾向于粘附，并意味着表面力可以在婴儿阻塞性呼吸暂停期间对气道维持肌肉组织施加额外的负荷。
We have determined the influence of transmural pressure and neck posture on upper airway patency in infants after death. In natural resting postures, the airway was closed at transmural pressures not exceeding those normally seen during peak inspiratory airflow in the living infant, implying that a neuromuscular mechanism is necessary to maintain airway patency during life. Neck flexion raised closing pressure, making the airway more susceptible to collapse, whereas neck extension lowered closing pressure, making the airway more resistant to collapse. When the angle of flexion was kept constant, closing pressure was not significantly altered by turning the head or positioning the infant prone. Pressures above the corresponding closing pressure were required to reopen the closed airway, suggesting that the walls of the closed airway tended to adhere and implying that surface forces can impose an added load to airway-maintaining musculature during obstructive apnea in the living infant.