Utility of 17 chloroplast genes for inferring the phylogeny of the basal angiosperms
Utility of 17 chloroplast genes for inferring the phylogeny of the basal angiosperms
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DOI：
10.2307/2656749
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Olmstead, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, SW;Olmstead, RG
从14个缓慢进化的叶绿体基因（包括三个高度保守的内含子）的序列获得代表性的基础被子植物和种子植物类群，使用这里描述的新引物。将这些数据与来自atpB、rbcL的已发表序列和来自ndhF的新获得序列相结合。从这17个基因的组合数据允许坚固的，良好的解决推理的主要方面的基础被子植物的关系，表明新的引物是有价值的工具，整理出最深的事件在开花植物的有性生殖。来自反向重复序列（IR）的序列被证明是特别可靠的（低同源性，高保留指数）。水盾草属和八角属的代表是被子植物的前两个连续分支的19个样本分类群的初始采样。这一结果得到了bootstrap分析和缓慢进化内含子中两个小的插入/缺失事件的有力支持。几个古草本植物群（紫云英目的代表）形成了一个强有力的支持分支，代表核心木本木兰科（樟木目，木兰目和Winteraceae）的分类群。真双子叶植物和单子叶植物的单系性也得到了很好的支持。对数据的三个主要分区的分析显示了许多相同的分支，并支持所有数据组合所见的生根。当我们将Amborella和Nymphaea odorata添加到分析中时，虽然Amborella dapoda被支持为其余被子植物的姐妹群，但当Al，Amborella单独添加时，观察到强烈冲突的生根。
Sequences from 14 slowly evolving chloroplast genes (including three highly conserved introns) were obtained for representative basal angiosperm and seed-plant taxa, using novel primers described here. These data were combined with published sequences from atpB, rbcL, and newly obtained sequences from ndhF. Combined data from these 17 genes permit sturdy, well-resolved inference of major aspects of basal angiosperm relationships, demonstrating that the new primers are valuable tools for sorting out the deepest events in flowering plant phylogeny. Sequences from the inverted repeat (IR) proved to be particularly reliable (low homoplasy, high retention index). Representatives of Cabomba and Illicium were the first two successive branches of the angiosperms in an initial sampling of 19 exemplar taxa. This result was strongly supported by bootstrap analysis and by two small insertion/deletion events in the slowly evolving introns. Several paleoherb groups (representatives of Piperales) formed a strongly supported clads with taxa representing core woody magnoliids (Laurales, Magnoliales, and Winteraceae). The monophyly of the sampled eudicots and monocots was also well supported. Analyses of three major partitions of the data showed many of the same clades and supported the rooting seen with ail the data combined. While Amborella trichopoda was supported as the sister group of the remaining angiosperms when we added Amborella and Nymphaea odorata to the analysis, a strongly conflicting rooting was observed when Al,Amborella alone was added.