Visuo-perceptual organization and working memory in patients with schizophrenia
Visuo-perceptual organization and working memory in patients with schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.016
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Luck, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giersch, Anne;van Assche, Mitsouko;Luck, David
我们通过研究精神分裂症患者视觉信息的重组和记忆机制是如何失效的来探讨这些机制。一些研究表明，患者在感知和记忆中组织信息有困难。我们探讨在何种程度上促使患者组项目影响记忆表现。我们将自动分组与自上而下的分组过程区分开来，自上而下的分组过程尤其涉及信息的重组。主要任务是记住成对的数字。在操纵接近度之后，成对的图形是同一感知组的一部分（组内对，在自动分组的基础上形成）或属于不同的组（组间对，通过自上而下的过程重新分组）。在记忆任务之前，受试者进行了一项感知任务，提示他们优先考虑组内或组间配对。与患者不同的是，对照组在记忆任务中通过接近度分组而受益。此外，研究结果表明，优先考虑组间配对对患者有不利影响，但在组内而不是组间数字的情况下，记忆表现会大幅下降。这发生在尽管保存聚焦组内的数字，所示的眼动记录。建议是，当患者被提示重新分组单独的项目时，他们可以这样做，但自动分组带来的好处不仅会失去，而且还会逆转。这表明重组视觉信息不仅涉及重新分组单独的项目，而且还将这些新的组整合到统一的表示中，这在精神分裂症患者中受损。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
We explore the mechanisms sub-tending the re-organization and memorization of visual information by studying how these mechanisms fail in patients with schizophrenia. Several studies have suggested that patients have difficulties in organizing information in perception and memory. We explore to what extent prompting patients to group items influences memory performance. We distinguish automatic grouping from top-down grouping processes, which are especially involved in re-organizing information. The main task was to memorize pairs of figures. Following manipulation of proximity, pairs of figures were part of the same perceptual group (within-group pair, formed on the basis of automatic grouping) or belonged to different groups (between-group pairs, re-grouped through top-down processes). Prior to the memory task, subjects ran a perception task prompting them to prioritize either within-group or between-group pairs. Unlike patients, controls globally benefited from grouping by proximity in the memory task. In addition, the results showed that prioritizing between-group pairs had a deleterious effect in patients, but with a large decrement in memory performance in the case of within-group rather than between-group figures. This occurred despite preserved focalization on within-group figures, as shown by eye-movement recordings. The suggestion is that when patients are prompted to re-group separate items, they can do so, but the benefit derived from automatic grouping is then not only lost but also reversed. This suggests re-organizing visual information not only involves re-grouping separate items but also integrating these new groups in a unified representation, which is impaired in patients with schizophrenia. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.