Exercise Alters Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Lean and Obese Humans
Exercise Alters Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Lean and Obese Humans
复制标题
DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000001495
复制
发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Woods, Jeffrey A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Jacob M.;Mailing, Lucy J.;Woods, Jeffrey A.
运动与肠道微生物组成的改变有关，但研究尚未调查人类运动训练是否调节肠道微生物群和相关代谢物。我们探讨了6周耐力运动对瘦和肥胖成年人肠道微生物群组成、功能能力和代谢输出的影响，在结果变量收集之前进行了多日饮食控制。（n = 18 [9名女性]）和肥胖（n = 14 [11名女性]），以前久坐的受试者参加了6周的监督，基于耐力的运动训练（3周（-1）），从30到60分钟（-1），从中等强度（60%的HR储备）到剧烈强度（75%的HR储备）。随后，参与者返回到久坐的生活方式活动，为期6周的洗脱期。粪便样本收集之前和之后6周的运动，以及久坐的冲洗期后，与3-d的饮食控制到位之前，每个collection.Results -多样性分析显示，运动引起的肠道菌群的改变依赖于肥胖状态。运动增加了瘦而非肥胖参与者粪便中短链脂肪酸的浓度。代谢诱导的微生物群代谢产物的变化导致细菌基因和能够产生短链脂肪酸的分类群的变化。最后，运动引起的变化在很大程度上扭转一旦运动training ceasing.Conclusion这些研究结果表明，运动训练诱导的成分和功能的变化，在人类肠道菌群是依赖于肥胖状态，独立的饮食和偶然的维持运动。
Purpose Exercise is associated with altered gut microbial composition, but studies have not investigated whether the gut microbiota and associated metabolites are modulated by exercise training in humans. We explored the impact of 6 wk of endurance exercise on the composition, functional capacity, and metabolic output of the gut microbiota in lean and obese adults with multiple-day dietary controls before outcome variable collection.Methods Thirty-two lean (n = 18 [9 female]) and obese (n = 14 [11 female]), previously sedentary subjects participated in 6 wk of supervised, endurance-based exercise training (3 dwk(-1)) that progressed from 30 to 60 mind(-1) and from moderate (60% of HR reserve) to vigorous intensity (75% HR reserve). Subsequently, participants returned to a sedentary lifestyle activity for a 6-wk washout period. Fecal samples were collected before and after 6 wk of exercise, as well as after the sedentary washout period, with 3-d dietary controls in place before each collection.Results -diversity analysis revealed that exercise-induced alterations of the gut microbiota were dependent on obesity status. Exercise increased fecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in lean, but not obese, participants. Exercise-induced shifts in metabolic output of the microbiota paralleled changes in bacterial genes and taxa capable of short-chain fatty acid production. Lastly, exercise-induced changes in the microbiota were largely reversed once exercise training ceased.Conclusion These findings suggest that exercise training induces compositional and functional changes in the human gut microbiota that are dependent on obesity status, independent of diet and contingent on the sustainment of exercise.