Vehicular Connectivity on Complex Trajectories: Roadway-Geometry Aware ISAC Beam-Tracking
Vehicular Connectivity on Complex Trajectories: Roadway-Geometry Aware ISAC Beam-Tracking
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/twc.2023.3250442
复制
发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Xiao Meng;Fan Liu;C. Masouros;W. Yuan;Qixun Zhang;Zhiyong Feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiao Meng;Fan Liu;C. Masouros;W. Yuan;Qixun Zhang;Zhiyong Feng
在本文中，我们提出了基于集成传感和通信（ISAC）信号的车辆在任意形状道路上的传感辅助波束形成设计。具体来说，我们的目标是解决传统ISAC波束跟踪方案的局限性，这些方案不适用于复杂的道路几何形状。为了提高车对基础设施（V2I）网络的跟踪精度和通信服务质量（QoS），必须对复杂的道路几何结构进行建模。为此，我们在交互多模型扩展卡尔曼滤波（IMM-EKF）框架中引入了曲线坐标系（CCS）。通过这样做，由于CCS的好处，车辆在复杂道路上的位置和运动都可以被明确地建模和精确地跟踪。此外，考虑到波束不对准造成的性能损失，提出了通过动态调整阵列大小从而控制波束宽度来实现阵列增益最大化的优化问题。数值仿真结果表明，基于道路几何感知的ISAC波束形成方法在跟踪性能上优于基于通信和基于运动的ISAC波束形成方法。此外，数值结果也验证了动态波束宽度设计的有效性。
In this paper, we propose sensing-assisted beamforming designs for vehicles on arbitrarily shaped roads by relying on integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) signalling. Specifically, we aim to address the limitations of conventional ISAC beam-tracking schemes that do not apply to complex road geometries. To improve the tracking accuracy and communication quality of service (QoS) in vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) networks, it is essential to model the complicated roadway geometry. To that end, we impose the curvilinear coordinate system (CCS) in an interacting multiple model extended Kalman filter (IMM-EKF) framework. By doing so, both the position and the motion of the vehicle on a complicated road can be explicitly modeled and precisely tracked attributing to the benefits from the CCS. Furthermore, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the array gain by dynamically adjusting the array size and thereby controlling the beamwidth, which takes the performance loss caused by beam misalignment into account. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the roadway geometry-aware ISAC beamforming approach outperforms the communication-only-based and ISAC kinematic-only-based technique in tracking performance. Moreover, the effectiveness of the dynamic beamwidth design is also verified by our numerical results.