Seismogenic thickness of California: Implications for thermal structure and seismic hazard

Seismogenic thickness of California: Implications for thermal structure and seismic hazard
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加利福尼亚州的发震厚度:对热结构和地震灾害的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228426
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Cao, Wenrong
Cao, Wenrong
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zuza, Andrew V.;Cao, Wenrong

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地壳的孕震厚度是脆性地壳厚度的一个代用指标,它是一个与地壳强度、地震危险性和地壳热-力学性质有关的几何参数。我们使用高分辨率的地震定位数据从加州构建的地形图的基础上的发震地壳计算深度95%以上的地震活动(D95)位于固定宽度箱。孕震厚度变化很大,范围从~5 km到>30 km,大峡谷-塞拉内华达州的D95值较厚,步行者巷和北方沿海加州的D95值较薄。在大多数地方,地震厚度与地表热流呈负相关,与稳态导电地壳一致,局部偏差可能反映了与岩浆活动和/或热液循环有关的非稳态条件。这种相关性表明,在区域尺度上,脆韧性转变(BDT)深度主要受地热梯度控制,孕震地壳的底部基本上代表了BDT等温线(石英为主的岩性约为300-350 °C)。整个加州D95深度的空间变化可以用来评估或限制未来地震活动的位置,地震破裂的传播方向,以及最大深度,破裂面积和未来走滑地震事件的震级。厚的孕震地壳具有较大的综合强度。发震深度粗糙体,代表机械更强的地壳补丁,可能会集中和核未来的地震事件和/或阻碍破裂传播。
The seismogenic thickness of the crust, a proxy for brittle-crust thickness, is a geometric parameter related to crustal strength, seismic hazard, and the crust's thermo-mechanical nature. We use high-resolution earthquake-location data from California to construct a topographic map of the base of the seismogenic crust by calculating the depth above which 95% of seismicity (D95) is located for fixed width bins. Seismogenic thickness is highly variable, ranging from ~5 km to >30 km, with thicker D95 values in the Great Valley-Sierra Nevada and thinner values in the Walker Lane and northern coastal California. Seismogenic thickness is inversely correlated with surface heat flow in most locations, consistent with a steady-state conductive crust, and local deviations probably reflect non-steady-state conditions related to magmatism and/or hydrothermal circulation. Such correlation suggests that, at regional scale, brittle-ductile transition (BDT) depth is mostly controlled by geothermal gradients, and the base of the seismogenic crust essentially represents a BDT isotherm (~300–350 °C for quartz-dominated lithologies). Spatial variations of D95 depths across California can be used to evaluate or constrain the locations of future seismicity, propagation direction of earthquake ruptures, and maximum depth, rupture area, and magnitude of future strike-slip earthquake events. Thicker seismogenic crust has a greater integrated strength. Seismogenic depth asperities, which represent mechanically stronger crustal patches, may focus and nucleate future earthquake events and/or impede rupture propagation.
对南加州索尔顿海地热田热液渗漏处的狮鹫、水池和破火山口特征的地貌表达和演化的控制
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