Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP): modulation by growth factors and its implication in astrocyte differentiation
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP): modulation by growth factors and its implication in astrocyte differentiation
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DOI：
10.1590/s0100-879x1999000500016
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发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Neto, VM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gomes, FCA;Paulin, D;Neto, VM
中间丝(IF)蛋白是一个由发育和组织调控的细胞骨架蛋白组成的极大的多基因家族，在大多数脊椎动物细胞中大量存在。中枢神经系统的星形胶质细胞前体通常表达波形蛋白作为主要的IF。星形胶质细胞成熟后，波形蛋白和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达发生转换，后者被认为是星形胶质细胞成熟的标志。GFAP的水平受发育和病理条件的调节。GFAP表达上调是中枢神经系统损伤后常见的星形细胞反应的主要特征之一。通过这种方式，对GFAP调控的研究已经被证明不仅有助于了解大脑生理学，而且有助于了解神经疾病。GFAP表达的调节因子包括甲状腺激素、糖皮质激素和一些生长因子，如成纤维细胞生长因子、CNTF和转化生长因子β等。对GFAP基因的研究已经在其启动子区域发现了几个可能的生长因子结合域。从转基因和基因敲除小鼠获得的数据为蛋白质的功能提供了新的见解。本文综述了生长因子和激素对IF功能调控的最新研究进展。
Intermediate filament (IF) proteins constitute an extremely large multigene family of developmentally and tissue-regulated cytoskeleton proteins abundant in most vertebrate cell types. Astrocyte precursors of the CNS usually express vimentin as the major IF. Astrocyte maturation is followed by a switch between vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, with the latter being recognized as an astrocyte maturation marker. Levels of GFAP are regulated under developmental and pathological conditions. Upregulation of GFAP expression is one of the main characteristics of the astrocytic reaction commonly observed after CNS lesion. In this way, studies on GFAP regulation have been shown to be useful to understand not only brain physiology but also neurological disease. Modulators of GFAP expression include several hormones such as thyroid hormone, glucocorticoids and several growth factors such as FGF, CNTF and TGF beta, among others. Studies of the GFAP gene have already identified several putative growth factor binding domains in its promoter region. Data obtained from transgenic and knockout mice have provided new insights into IF protein functions. This review highlights the most recent studies on the regulation of IF function by growth factors and hormones.