Economics notes - Perspectives in economic evaluation
Economics notes - Perspectives in economic evaluation
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.316.7143.1529
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发表时间：
1998-05-16
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Raftery, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byford, S;Raftery, J
在经济学评价开始之前，应确定研究的角度，因为它可能对试验设计有影响。[1]由于经济评估通常用于评估替代性医疗干预措施的相对效率，因此通常采用的视角是卫生服务。[2]然而，由于其基础是福利经济学，卫生经济学关注的是社会福利。因此，它认为，经济评估应该包括干预对整个社会福利的影响，而不仅仅是对直接参与的个人或组织的影响。经济理论的核心是如何从社会可用的稀缺资源中获得最大利益的问题。一项仅限于国民保健制度角度的经济评估可以确定在有限的国民保健制度预算内最大限度地提高健康成果的干预措施组合。然而，这并不一定会在现有资源（国民生产总值）范围内使社会福利最大化，主要原因有两个。
Before an economic evaluation begins, the perspective of the study should be determined, as it may have implications for trial design. 1 Since economic evaluations are often used to assess the relative efficiency of alternative healthcare interventions, the perspective commonly taken is that of the health service. 2 Because of its foundations in welfare economics, however, health economics is concerned with society's welfare. It therefore argues that an economic evaluation should include the impact of an intervention on the welfare of the whole of society, not just on the individuals or organisations directly involved.Central to economic theory is the question of how to get the most benefit from the scarce resources available to a society. An economic evaluation which confined itself to the NHS's perspective could determine the mix of interventions that would maximise health outcomes within the limited NHS budget. However, this would not necessarily maximise the welfare of society within resources available (gross national product) for two main reasons.