Gender-Based Violence Against Adolescent and Young Adult Women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Gender-Based Violence Against Adolescent and Young Adult Women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.09.003
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Astone, Nan Marie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Decker, Michele R.;Latimore, Amanda D.;Astone, Nan Marie
基于性别的暴力是一个全球性的健康和人权问题，具有个人和社会决定因素。青年被视为高风险群体;国家影响包括规范、政策和做法。我们使用低收入和中等收入国家的人口与健康调查，按年龄、国家和地区对比了关键的GBV指标，特别是青少年和年轻成年女性中的亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和强迫初次性行为。方法：在青少年中产生了全国流行率估计数在已婚/同居妇女（30个国家）和有过性经历的妇女（17个国家）中，对终身和过去一年的身体和性IPV（15-19岁）和年轻人（20-24岁）进行了研究。荟萃分析提供了区域估计和跨国比较，并比较了青少年和年轻成年女性成年women.Results：估计28%的青少年和29%的年轻成年女性报告一生的身体或性IPV，最流行的是在东部和南部非洲地区。不同年龄的暴力模式存在区域和跨国差异;总体而言，年轻成年女性相对于成年女性表现出更高的去年IPV风险（荟萃分析比值比，1.20; 95%置信区间，1.10-1.37），青少年的风险相当（荟萃分析比值比，1.07; 95%置信区间，0.91 -1.23）。强迫初次性行为估计为12%的整体，最高的东部和南部Africa region.Conclusions：GBV是普遍存在的青少年和年轻的成年女性在低收入和中等收入国家。青年面临的独特风险因国家而异，表明存在年龄与地点的相互作用。需要未来的研究来澄清性别暴力的背景决定因素。调查结果为将青年纳入性别暴力预防工作提供了方向。(C)2015年青少年健康和医学协会。All rights reserved.
Purpose: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global health and human rights issue with individual and social determinants. Youth are considered high risk; national influences include norms, policies and practices. By age, nation, and region, we contrast key GBV indicators, specifically intimate partner violence (IPV) and forced sexual debut among adolescent and young adult women using Demographic and Health Surveys across low-and middle-income countries.Methods: National prevalence estimates were generated among adolescents (15-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years) for lifetime and the past-year physical and sexual IPV among ever-married/ cohabitating women (30 nations) and forced sexual debut among sexually experienced women (17 nations). Meta-analyses provided regional estimates and cross-national comparisons, and compared the past-year IPV prevalence among adolescent and young adult women to adult women.Results: An estimated 28% of adolescent and 29% of young adult women reported lifetime physical or sexual IPV, most prevalent in the East and Southern Africa region. Regional and cross-national variation emerged in patterns of violence by age; overall, young adult women demonstrated higher risk for the past-year IPV relative to adult women (meta-analysis odds ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.37) and adolescents had a comparable risk (meta-analysis odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval,.91-1.23). Forced sexual debut was estimated at 12% overall, highest in the East and Southern Africa region.Conclusions: GBV is pervasive among adolescent and young adult women in low-and middleincome countries. The unique risk to youth varies across nations, suggesting an ageeplace interaction. Future research is needed to clarify contextual determinants of GBV. Findings provide direction for integrating youth within GBV prevention efforts. (C) 2015 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.