VIBRATIONS IN THE ORBWEBS OF NUCTENEA-SCLOPETARIA (ARANEIDAE) .1. TRANSMISSION THROUGH THE WEB
VIBRATIONS IN THE ORBWEBS OF NUCTENEA-SCLOPETARIA (ARANEIDAE) .1. TRANSMISSION THROUGH THE WEB
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00292977
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
MASTERS, WM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MASTERS, WM
圆网蜘蛛会精心编织一张网来诱捕空中的猎物。网将有关缠结猎物的存在和位置的振动线索传递给蜘蛛，而蜘蛛通常在网的中心等待。本文研究了作为捕食区和轮毂之间的振动传递介质的网络。三种类型的振动沿半径沿着传播：纵向（沿股线轴线沿着定向的运动）、横向（垂直于股线和腹板的运动）和横向（垂直于股线和腹板平面内的运动）。在捕食区域的中间用1种类型的振动刺激网，并测量在轮毂处出现的相同类型的振动的量。在空腹板中，纵向振动在1- 10，000 Hz的频率范围内几乎没有衰减地到达轮毂。横向振动被衰减约在1Hz时为15 dB，并且传输或多或少线性地下降到λ。10 kHz时衰减35 dB。横向振动被衰减。1和apx之间为23 dB 200 Hz，并且衰减增加到约1-10 kHz之间40 dB。各个网显示出高于λ的共振效应（透射中的峰和谷）。1 kHz。信号传输的距离（63 . ±. 11 mm）与衰减量无关。这3种类型的振动在方向性上各不相同;在轮毂处，受激半径的振幅与其未受激相邻半径的振幅相差有多大。纵向振动是最具方向性的，因此它可能在蜘蛛选择半径以沿着跑出去到达被困猎物方面发挥主导作用。在包含蜘蛛和/或猎物的网中，网/物体系统倾向于以取决于物体的重量、它们在网中的位置和振动类型的频率共振。通常，由于腹板载荷引起的共振效应将被限制在几百Hz以下的频率。在轮毂处的蜘蛛的存在修改了从空网导出的传输曲线。对于横向和侧向振动，传递到支架上的振动无法测量，必须根据空网中获得的振动进行估计。定性方面的振动传输跨网络交叉点进行了讨论，使用径向和粘性螺旋股的物理特性。
Orbweaving spiders build an elaborate web to trap aerial prey. The web transmits vibration cues about the presence and location of entangled prey to the spider, which is usually waiting at the hub of the web. This paper examines the web as a medium for vibration transmission between the prey-catching region and the hub. Three types of vibration are propagated along a radius: longitudinal (motion directed along the strand''s axis), transverse (motion perpendicular to the strand and to the web) and lateral (motion perpendicular to the strand and in the plane of the web). The web was stimulated in the middle of the prey-catching region with 1 type of vibration and the amount of that same type of vibration appearing at the hub was measured. In an empty web longitudinal vibration reaches the hub with almost no attenuation over the frequency range of 1-10,000 Hz. Transverse vibration is attenuated by .apprx. 15 dB at 1 Hz and transmission drops more or less linearly to .apprx. 35 dB attenuation at 10 kHz. Lateral vibration is attenuated .apprx. 23 dB between 1 and .apprx. 200 Hz, and attenuation increases to .apprx. 40 dB between 1-10 kHz. Individual webs show resonance effects (peaks and troughs in transmission) above .apprx. 1 kHz. The distance over which the signal was transmitted (63 .+-. 11 mm) was not correlated with the amount of attenuation. The 3 types of vibration vary in directionality; in how greatly the amplitude of the stimulated radius differs from that of its non-stimulated neighbors at the hub. Longitudinal vibration is the most directional and consequently it may play the dominant role in the spider''s choice of radius to run out along to reach trapped prey. In a web containing the spider and/or prey, the web/object system tends to resonate at frequencies that depend on the weight of the objects, their position in the web and the types of vibration. Generally, resonance effects due to web loading will be confined to frequencies below a few hundred Hz. The presence of a spider at the hub modifies the transmission curves derived from the empty web. For transverse and lateral vibration, transmission to the spider could not be measured and must be estimated from that obtained in the empty web. Qualitative aspects of vibration transmission across web crossings are discussed using the physical properties of radial and sticky-spiral strands.