Geographic and temporal variations in pollen exposure across Europe
Geographic and temporal variations in pollen exposure across Europe
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DOI：
10.1111/all.12419
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.4
通讯作者：
van Ree, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, M.;Jaeger, S.;van Ree, R.
背景：欧盟资助的EuroPrevall项目调查了整个欧洲食物过敏的患病率。花粉致敏是引起食物过敏的一个公认因素，目的：分析花粉暴露的地理和时间变化，研究这些变化如何影响欧洲食物过敏的患病率和发病率。方法：从尽可能靠近EuroPrevall调查中心的13个监测点获得了20年（1990-2009）的空气花粉数据。对桦木科、木犀科、禾本科和菊科花粉季节的开始日期、强度和持续时间进行了研究。计算平均值、回归斜率、概率水平（P）和优势类群（%）。结果：在欧洲范围内，桦木科尤其是桦木属植物的花粉暴露量最大，是禾本科植物的2倍，是木犀科和菊科植物的5倍以上。只有在雷克雅未克，马德里和德比是禾本科占主导地位的花粉，是木犀科在塞萨洛尼基。杂草花粉（菊科）从未占优势，暴露量仅占绍利艾（蒿属）和莱尼亚诺（豚草属）花粉暴露量的10%以上。没有观察到一致的变化强度或暴露持续时间的趋势，可能与例外（不显着）减少接触蒿和增加接触豚草。结论：这是第一次全面的研究量化暴露于主要过敏性花粉家庭桦木科，木犀科，禾本科和菊科在欧洲各地。这些数据现在可以用于研究对花粉和食物的致敏和过敏模式。
Background: The EC-funded EuroPrevall project examined the prevalence of food allergy across Europe. A well-established factor in the occurrence of food allergy is primary sensitization to pollen.Objective: To analyse geographic and temporal variations in pollen exposure, allowing the investigation of how these variations influence the prevalence and incidence of food allergies across Europe.Methods: Airborne pollen data for two decades (1990-2009) were obtained from 13 monitoring sites located as close as possible to the EuroPrevall survey centres. Start dates, intensity and duration of Betulaceae, Oleaceae, Poaceae and Asteraceae pollen seasons were examined. Mean, slope of the regression, probability level (P) and dominant taxa (%) were calculated. Trends were considered significant at P < 0.05.Results: On a European scale, Betulaceae, in particular Betula, is the most dominant pollen exposure, two folds higher than to Poaceae, and greater than five folds higher than to Oleaceae and Asteraceae. Only in Reykjavik, Madrid and Derby was Poaceae the dominant pollen, as was Oleaceae in Thessaloniki. Weed pollen (Asteraceae) was never dominant, exposure accounted for >10% of total pollen exposure only in Siauliai (Artemisia) and Legnano (Ambrosia). Consistent trends towards changing intensity or duration of exposure were not observed, possibly with the exception of (not significant) decreased exposure to Artemisia and increased exposure to Ambrosia.Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive study quantifying exposure to the major allergenic pollen families Betulaceae, Oleaceae, Poaceae and Asteraceae across Europe. These data can now be used for studies into patterns of sensitization and allergy to pollen and foods.