Gender-specific associations of vision and hearing impairments with adverse health outcomes in older Japanese: a population-based cohort study.
Gender-specific associations of vision and hearing impairments with adverse health outcomes in older Japanese: a population-based cohort study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2318-9-50
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发表时间：
2009-11-22
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Takebayashi T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michikawa T;Nishiwaki Y;Kikuchi Y;Nakano M;Iwasawa S;Asakura K;Milojevic A;Mizutari K;Saito H;Ishida S;Okamura T;Takebayashi T
一些流行病学研究表明，自我报告的视力和听力障碍与老年人群的不良健康结果（AHO）有关;然而，很少有研究使用客观的感官测量或调查性别在这种关联中的作用。因此，我们研究了视力和听力障碍（通过客观方法测量）与AHO（日常生活或死亡活动的依赖性）的关联，以及这种关联是否因性别而异。从2005年到2006年，日本群马县仓渊镇共有801名65岁以上的居民（337名男性和464名女性）参加了包括视力和听力评估在内的基线检查;他们被随访到2008年9月。视力损害定义为较好眼的矫正视力低于0.5（logMAR = 0.3），听力损害定义为较好耳在1 kHz时无法听到30 dB听力水平信号。有关结果的信息是从市政厅和面对面的家访访谈中获得的。我们根据性别计算了AHO对视力和听力障碍的风险比（RR）。在平均3年的随访期间，34名男性（10.1%）和52名女性（11.3%）患有AHO。在两种性别中，视力损害与AHO风险升高相关（男性和女性的多重调整RR = 1.60，95% CI = 1.05-2.44），性别之间无统计学显著性相互作用。相比之下，仅在男性中发现听力障碍与AHO之间存在显著相关性（多重调整RR = 3.10，95%CI = 1.43-6.72）。在这个老年日本人群中，感觉障碍明显与AHO相关，并且这种相关性似乎因性别而异。感官障碍和AHO之间的性别特异性关联值得进一步研究。
Several epidemiological studies have shown that self-reported vision and hearing impairments are associated with adverse health outcomes (AHOs) in older populations; however, few studies have used objective sensory measurements or investigated the role of gender in this association. Therefore, we examined the association of vision and hearing impairments (as measured by objective methods) with AHOs (dependence in activities of daily living or death), and whether this association differed by gender. From 2005 to 2006, a total of 801 residents (337 men and 464 women) aged 65 years or older of Kurabuchi Town, Gunma, Japan, participated in a baseline examination that included vision and hearing assessments; they were followed up through September 2008. Vision impairment was defined as a corrected visual acuity of worse than 0.5 (logMAR = 0.3) in the better eye, and hearing impairment was defined as a failure to hear a 30 dB hearing level signal at 1 kHz in the better ear. Information on outcomes was obtained from the town hall and through face-to-face home visit interviews. We calculated the risk ratios (RRs) of AHOs for vision and hearing impairments according to gender. During a mean follow-up period of 3 years, 34 men (10.1%) and 52 women (11.3%) had AHOs. In both genders, vision impairment was related to an elevated risk of AHOs (multi-adjusted RR for men and women together = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.05-2.44), with no statistically significant interaction between the genders. In contrast, a significant association between hearing impairment and AHOs (multi-adjusted RR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.43-6.72) was found only in the men. In this older Japanese population, sensory impairments were clearly associated with AHOs, and the association appeared to vary according to gender. Gender-specific associations between sensory impairments and AHOs warrant further investigation.