Immunogenic males: a genome-wide analysis of reproduction and the cost of mating in Drosophila melanogaster females
Immunogenic males: a genome-wide analysis of reproduction and the cost of mating in Drosophila melanogaster females
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01708.x
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Morrow, E. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Innocenti, P.;Morrow, E. H.
在黑腹果蝇中，交配从根本上改变了雌性的生理和行为。交配后的反应包括产卵率的增加，雌性接受性的降低和免疫系统的激活。交配的适应性后果同样戏剧性-雌性必须交配一次才能产生受精卵，但额外的交配有明显的负面影响。以前，微阵列已被用来检查女性的基因表达不同的生殖状态，其目的是确定基因受交配。然而，由于只有处女和单一交配的女性进行了比较，转录变化与生殖（自然选择下）和男性诱导的影响（可能根据性拮抗选择）不能解开。我们划分这些根本不同的影响，而不是检查处女，单交配和双交配的女性的表达谱。我们发现大量的影响有关的繁殖和进一步的影响，只归因于交配本身。免疫反应基因主导这种雄性诱导的效应，表明交配的代价可能部分是由于该系统的激活。我们认为，性拮抗和自然选择在先天免疫基因的进化中起了重要作用，从而促成了这些基因座的性二型和快速进化。
In Drosophila melanogaster, mating radically transforms female physiology and behaviour. Post-mating responses include an increase in the oviposition rate, a reduction in female receptivity and an activation of the immune system. The fitness consequences of mating are similarly dramatic - females must mate once in order to produce fertile eggs, but additional matings have a clear negative effect. Previously, microarrays have been used to examine gene expression of females differing in their reproductive status with the aim of identifying genes influenced by mating. However, as only virgin and single mated females were compared, transcriptional changes associated with reproduction (under natural selection) and male-induced effects (possibly under sexually antagonistic selection) cannot be disentangled. We partitioned these fundamentally different effects by instead examining the expression profiles of virgin, single mated and double mated females. We found substantial effects relating to reproduction and further effects that are only attributable to mating itself. Immune response genes dominate this male-induced effect indicating that the cost of mating may be due partly to this system's activation. We propose that both sexually antagonistic and natural selection have been important in the evolution of the innate immunity genes, thereby contributing to the sexual dimorphism and rapid evolution at these loci.