Effects of associative inference on individuals’ susceptibility to misinformation.
Effects of associative inference on individuals’ susceptibility to misinformation.
复制标题
联想推理对个人对错误信息的敏感性的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/xap0000418
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lee, Dongwon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiong, Aiping;Lee, Sian;Seo, Haeseung;Lee, Dongwon
联想推理是一种记忆的适应性过程，它允许人们重新组合相关信息并做出新的推理。我们报告了两个在线的人类受试者实验，研究了一个关联推理版本，在这个版本中，参与者观看重叠的真实新闻对（AB&BC），这些新闻对后来可能与支持错误信息的推断（AC）联系起来。在每个实验中，我们检查了参与者的识别和感知准确性的新闻文章片段呈现为推特两个阶段。在第一阶段，只呈现真实的新闻推文，这些推文与第二阶段的政治新闻有三个层次的关联：真实、虚假和带推理的虚假。实验2还对被试的认知能力进行了评估。在这两个实验中，与假新闻相比，参与者对假新闻的认知更多，但给出的准确率评级更低。联想推理对认知能力高的受试者的感知准确度评分的影响比认知能力低的受试者更明显。我们得出结论，联想推理可以使人们容易受到错误信息的影响。我们还讨论了为什么联想推理使人们在相对自动的熟悉度判断（即识别）中容易受到错误信息的影响，而在相对受控和费力的语义判断（即准确性评级）中却不受影响。（PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA，版权所有）
Associative inference is an adaptive process of memory that allows people to recombine associated information and make novel inferences. We report two online human-subject experiments investigating an associative inference version in which participants viewed overlapping real-news pairs (AB&BC) that could later be linked to support inferences of misinformation (AC). In each experiment, we examined participants’ recognition and perceived accuracy of snippets of news articles presented as tweets across two phases. At Phase 1, only real-news tweets were presented, which were associated with political news of Phase 2 at three levels: real, fake, and fake with inference. In Experiment 2, participants’ cognitive ability was also assessed. Participants recognized more but gave lower accuracy ratings for the fake news with inference than the fake news in both experiments. The effect of associative inference was more evident in the perceived accuracy ratings for participants of higher cognitive ability than those of lower cognitive ability. We conclude that associative inference can make people become susceptible to misinformation. We also discuss the results in terms of why associative inference made people susceptible to misinformation in the relatively automatic familiarity judgment (ie, recognition) but not the relatively controlled and effortful semantic judgment (ie, accuracy rating).(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)