Development of Brain EEG Connectivity across Early Childhood: Does Sleep Play a Role?
Development of Brain EEG Connectivity across Early Childhood: Does Sleep Play a Role?
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci3041445
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发表时间：
2013-11-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lebourgeois MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kurth S;Achermann P;Rusterholz T;Lebourgeois MK
睡眠对大脑功能和学习有有益的影响，这反映在大脑皮层的可塑性变化上。幼儿期是基本技能迅速成熟的时期。语言、认知控制、工作记忆——这些都是对未来功能的预测。目前对这一发育时期睡眠和大脑成熟之间的相互作用知之甚少。我们提出，睡眠期间的连贯脑电图（EEG）活动可能为大脑功能连接的成熟过程提供独特的见解。对8名年龄分别为2岁、3岁和5岁的健康受试者进行纵向睡眠脑电图评估。睡眠脑电图一致性在整个发育过程中以特定区域和频率的方式增加。此外，尽管睡眠期间大脑半球内的连通性主要减少，但大脑半球间的慢波（0.8-2 Hz）、θ波（4.8-7.8 Hz）和睡眠纺锤波（10-14 Hz）的频率范围在夜间增加，睡眠期间连通性变化高达20%。这些发现表明，睡眠脑电图的一致性反映了大脑成熟的过程。此外，在儿童早期敏感的成熟窗口期，与睡眠相关的大脑连接改变。
Sleep has beneficial effects on brain function and learning, which are reflected in plastic changes in the cortex. Early childhood is a time of rapid maturation in fundamental skills—e.g., language, cognitive control, working memory—that are predictive of future functioning. Little is currently known about the interactions between sleep and brain maturation during this developmental period. We propose coherent electroencephalogram (EEG) activity during sleep may provide unique insight into maturational processes of functional brain connectivity. Longitudinal sleep EEG assessments were performed in eight healthy subjects at ages 2, 3 and 5 years. Sleep EEG coherence increased across development in a region- and frequency-specific manner. Moreover, although connectivity primarily decreased intra-hemispherically across a night of sleep, an inter-hemispheric overnight increase occurred in the frequency range of slow waves (0.8–2 Hz), theta (4.8–7.8 Hz) and sleep spindles (10–14 Hz), with connectivity changes of up to 20% across a night of sleep. These findings indicate sleep EEG coherence reflects processes of brain maturation—i.e., programmed unfolding of neuronal networks—and moreover, sleep-related alterations of brain connectivity during the sensitive maturational window of early childhood.