Spinal Cord Injury and Osteoporosis: Causes, Mechanisms, and Rehabilitation Strategies
Spinal Cord Injury and Osteoporosis: Causes, Mechanisms, and Rehabilitation Strategies
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DOI：
10.4172/2329-9096.1000127
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发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Tan;R. Battaglino;L. Morse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Tan;R. Battaglino;L. Morse
脊髓损伤（SCI）对个人、社会和经济都有巨大的影响。虽然急性护理的进步导致并发症大大减少，但预防SCI长期后遗症的进展要少得多。SCI的长期后果之一是由于瘫痪肢体的机械卸载和损伤水平以下的血管功能障碍而导致的骨丢失（骨质疏松症）。虽然在急性损伤后阶段通过药物干预可以部分预防骨质疏松症，但在慢性阶段没有治疗骨质疏松症的临床指南。因此，需要科学进步来改善SCI相关骨质疏松症的康复方法。功能性电刺激这一新技术应用的最新进展为改善骨代谢和为瘫痪下肢提供足以刺激SCI患者新骨形成的机械应变提供了新的令人兴奋的机会。这篇小综述的目的是描述我们目前对SCI相关骨质疏松症的理解，并强调其预防和治疗的最新文献。
Spinal cord injury (SCI) has a huge impact on the individual, society and the economy. Though advances in acute care resulted in greatly reduced co-morbidities, there has been much less progress preventing long-term sequelae of SCI. Among the long-term consequences of SCI is bone loss (osteoporosis) due to the mechanical unloading of the paralyzed limbs and vascular dysfunction below the level of injury. Though osteoporosis may be partially prevented via pharmacologic interventions during the acute post-injury phase, there are no clinical guidelines to treat osteoporosis during the chronic phase. Thus there is need for scientific advances to improve the rehabilitative approaches to SCI-related osteoporosis. Recent advances in application of a new technology, functional electrical stimulation, provide a new and exciting opportunity to improve bone metabolism and to provide mechanical strain to the paralyzed lower limbs sufficient to stimulate new bone formation in individuals with SCI. The purpose of this minireview is to delineate our current understanding of SCI-related osteoporosis and to highlight recent literature towards its prevention and treatment.