Adult axolotls can regenerate original neuronal diversity in response to brain injury
Adult axolotls can regenerate original neuronal diversity in response to brain injury
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.13998
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发表时间：
2016-05-09
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Arlotta, Paola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amamoto, Ryoji;Huerta, Violeta Gisselle Lopez;Arlotta, Paola
蝾螈可以再生多个器官，包括大脑。然而，目前尚不清楚神经元多样性、复杂的组织结构和轴突连接是否可以再生。然而，这对于哺乳动物中枢神经系统功能的恢复和细胞替代策略的核心目标至关重要。在这里，我们证明，在成年大脑皮层受到机械损伤时，蝾螈可以再生损伤前存在的几个神经元群。值得注意的是，再生的神经元获得功能性电生理特征并对传入输入做出适当的反应。尽管能够再生特定的、分子定义的神经元亚型，但我们还通过表明新生神经元在改变的组织结构内组织并且无法重建损伤前存在的长距离轴突束和回路生理学来发现以前未被认识到的局限性。这些数据直接证明了蝾螈中具有多种电生理功能的神经元可以再生，但挑战了先前关于再生物种中功能性大脑修复的假设。
The axolotl can regenerate multiple organs, including the brain. It remains, however, unclear whether neuronal diversity, intricate tissue architecture, and axonal connectivity can be regenerated; yet, this is critical for recovery of function and a central aim of cell replacement strategies in the mammalian central nervous system. Here, we demonstrate that, upon mechanical injury to the adult pallium, axolotls can regenerate several of the populations of neurons present before injury. Notably, regenerated neurons acquire functional electrophysiological traits and respond appropriately to afferent inputs. Despite the ability to regenerate specific, molecularly-defined neuronal subtypes, we also uncovered previously unappreciated limitations by showing that newborn neurons organize within altered tissue architecture and fail to re-establish the long-distance axonal tracts and circuit physiology present before injury. The data provide a direct demonstration that diverse, electrophysiologically functional neurons can be regenerated in axolotls, but challenge prior assumptions of functional brain repair in regenerative species.