Plain language summaries: A systematic review of theory, guidelines and empirical research
Plain language summaries: A systematic review of theory, guidelines and empirical research
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通俗易懂的语言总结：理论、指南和实证研究的系统回顾
DOI：
10.23668/psycharchives.4933
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Anita Chasiotis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Stoll;Martin Kerwer;K. Lieb;Anita Chasiotis
引入简单语言摘要 (PLS) 是为了以非专业受众易于理解的方式传达研究成果。编写 PLS 的指南已经制定，并且对 PLS 进行了实证研究，但这个相对年轻的领域的术语和研究方法差异很大。这促使我们回顾 PLS 理论和实证文献的最新进展。本次综述的两个主要目标是开发 PLS 理论的概念框架，并综合 PLS 标准的经验证据。我们首先搜索 Web of Science、PubMed、PsycInfo 和 PSYNDEX（最后一次搜索 07/2021）。在我们的综述中，我们包括了 PLS 的实证研究、PLS 发展报告、PLS 指南以及涉及 PLS 的理论文章。通过内容分析制定了概念框架。叙述性地综合了调查 PLS 标准对确定结果影响的实证研究。我们确定了 7,714 条记录，其中 90 篇文章符合纳入标准。所有文章均用于开发 PLS 概念框架，该框架包括 12 个类别：六个 PLS 目标和六个 PLS 特征。 33 篇文章实证研究了 PLS 对多种结果的影响，但研究设计过于异质，无法确定高质量 PLS 的明确标准。很少有研究确定各种标准对可及性、理解、知识、研究交流和赋权的影响。我们没有找到经验证据来支持我们在 PLS 写作指南中确定的大部分标准。我们的结论是，尽管在建立和研究 PLS 方面已经开展了大量工作，但关于高质量 PLS 标准的经验证据仍然很少。本次综述中开发的概念框架可能为未来的指南开发者和 PLS 研究人员提供一个有价值的起点。
Plain language summaries (PLSs) have been introduced to communicate research in an understandable way to a nonexpert audience. Guidelines for writing PLSs have been developed and empirical research on PLSs has been conducted, but terminology and research approaches in this comparatively young field vary considerably. This prompted us to review the current state of the art of the theoretical and empirical literature on PLSs. The two main objectives of this review were to develop a conceptual framework for PLS theory, and to synthesize empirical evidence on PLS criteria. We began by searching Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo and PSYNDEX (last search 07/2021). In our review, we included empirical investigations of PLSs, reports on PLS development, PLS guidelines, and theoretical articles referring to PLSs. A conceptual framework was developed through content analysis. Empirical studies investigating effects of PLS criteria on defined outcomes were narratively synthesized. We identified 7,714 records, of which 90 articles met the inclusion criteria. All articles were used to develop a conceptual framework for PLSs which comprises 12 categories: six of PLS aims and six of PLS characteristics. Thirty-three articles empirically investigated effects of PLSs on several outcomes, but study designs were too heterogeneous to identify definite criteria for high-quality PLSs. Few studies identified effects of various criteria on accessibility, understanding, knowledge, communication of research, and empowerment. We did not find empirical evidence to support most of the criteria we identified in the PLS writing guidelines. We conclude that although considerable work on establishing and investigating PLSs is available, empirical evidence on criteria for high-quality PLSs remains scarce. The conceptual framework developed in this review may provide a valuable starting point for future guideline developers and PLS researchers.