Solar carbon fuel via photoelectrochemistry
Solar carbon fuel via photoelectrochemistry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.045
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Wang, Huizhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalamaras, Evangelos;Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes;Wang, Huizhi
缓解能源短缺和全球变暖的一个有希望的战略是通过利用可再生能源将CO2转化为可用作燃料的化学品（化学燃料）。到目前为止，太阳能驱动的CO2减排已经通过光化学（PC）和光电化学（PEC）系统或与光伏系统（PV-EC）相结合的电化学电池实现。本研究旨在比较和强调最先进的PEC系统减少二氧化碳，并显示仍然阻碍其广泛使用的限制因素。综述首先描述了半导体光催化剂的性质和对PEC CO2还原过程的基本理解。然后，最重要的性能指标用于评价PEC系统的详细说明。此外，还对PEC CO2减排系统的最新进展进行了总结，并根据化学产品的不同进行了分类。综述了不同的策略，例如掺杂、两种或多种半导体的组合、纳米结构材料的合成、钝化层和助催化剂，这些策略可以增强光吸收、化学稳定性、电荷转移并降低光敏材料的欧姆损失和过电位。除了光催化剂的改进外，PEC反应器设计前沿的研究进展，加上先进建模工具和表征技术的发展，预计将使PEC CO2减排更接近商业化。
A promising strategy to mitigate both energy shortage and global warming is the conversion of CO2 into chemicals that can be used as fuels (chemical fuels) by utilizing renewable energy sources. Up to date, solar-driven CO2 reduction has been achieved with photochemical (PC) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems or electrochemical cells combined with a photovoltaic system (PV-EC). This study is intended to compare and highlight the state-of-the-art PEC systems for CO2 reduction and show the limitation factors that still hinder their widespread utilization. The review starts with a description of semiconducting photocatalyst properties and fundamental understanding of PEC CO2 reduction process. Then, the most significant performance metrics used for evaluation of PEC systems are explained in details. In addition, recent progress in PEC CO2 reduction systems is summarized and classified in different categories according to the chemical product. Different strategies such as doping, combination of two or more semiconductors, synthesis of nanostructured materials, passivation layers and co-catalysts that enhance light absorption, chemical stability, charge transfer and reduce ohmic losses and overpotentials of photoactive materials are reviewed. Besides the improvement of photocatalysts, research progress on the front of PEC reactor design, combined with the development of advanced modelling tools and characterization techniques are expected to bring PEC CO2 reduction a step closer to commercialization.