Does Marrying Well Count More Than Career? Personal Achievement, Marriage, and Happiness of Married Women in Urban China
Does Marrying Well Count More Than Career? Personal Achievement, Marriage, and Happiness of Married Women in Urban China
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DOI：
10.1080/21620555.2018.1435265
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Chen, Meng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Meng
在我国现有的主观幸福感研究文献中，性别视角基本缺失，女性主观幸福感的实证研究也不多。本文从公/私领域分离的理论框架出发，考察了已婚女性的个人成就和婚姻匹配特征对幸福感的影响，特别是在阶级和教育认同的婚姻中。使用中国综合社会调查（2003-2013）的汇总数据，对角参考模型和有序逻辑回归的结果显示，丈夫的阶级地位在决定已婚妇女的幸福感方面起着主导作用。与此同时，女性收入越高，幸福感越强，但对家庭经济的贡献越大，幸福感就越低。当婚姻匹配和丈夫的特征的影响与妇女自己的阶级地位和教育的影响区分开来时，没有经验证据支持自愿婚姻本身对妇女的幸福感有重大影响。这一分析揭示了中国女性在婚姻和家庭方面的性别规范的内在化，并表明这种规范在两个领域分离的社会背景下有可能得到日益加强。
A gender perspective is basically missing in the existing literature on subjective well-being (referred to as SWB) in China, and evidence of women's SWB is scanty. Drawing from the theoretical framework of public/private-sphere separation, this article examines how married women's happiness is affected by her personal achievement and characteristics of marriage matching, with particular reference to class and educational assortative marriage. Using pooled data from the Chinese General Social Surveys (2003-2013), the results of diagonal reference models and ordered logistic regression show a predominant role of husbands' class positions in determining married women's happiness. Meanwhile, women tend to be happier when they earn more, but their happiness decreases as they contribute more to household economy. When the effects of marriage matching and husbands' characteristics are differentiated from those of women's own class positions and education, there is no empirical evidence supporting a significant impact of assortative marriage per se on women's happiness. This analysis reveals deeply internalized gender norms relating to marriage and family among Chinese women and suggests the possibility for such norms to be increasingly reinforced in the social context of two-sphere separation.