In situ formation of magnetopolymersomes via electroporation for MRI.
In situ formation of magnetopolymersomes via electroporation for MRI.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep14311
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发表时间：
2015-09-22
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Staniland SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bain J;Ruiz-Pérez L;Kennerley AJ;Muench SP;Thompson R;Battaglia G;Staniland SS
随着诊断/治疗（和组合：治疗诊断）纳米医学的发展，智能药物输送车辆变得越来越重要。目前的治疗方法包括将药物拴在纳米颗粒或囊泡中或封装在纳米颗粒或囊泡中。人们越来越感兴趣的是用磁性纳米颗粒（MNP）将它们功能化，通过使用磁场定位它们来靶向治疗。交变磁场诱导颗粒的远程加热（高热），触发药物释放或细胞死亡。此外，MNP是诊断MRI造影剂。有相当大的兴趣在MNP嵌入车辆的纳米医学，但他们的发展受到阻碍的困难，生产一致的单分散MNP和他们的可靠加载到囊泡。此外，“触发”MNP产生和调节MNP的尺寸和磁响应是非常有利的。在这里，我们提出了第一个例子的可调，可切换的磁性纳米医学应用的运载工具。这些由嵌入有超顺磁性磁铁矿MNP（磁性聚合物囊泡）的坚固的定制聚合物囊泡（聚合物囊泡）组成，其显示出良好的MRI对比度（R2* = 148.8 s-1）并且具有用于装载治疗剂的空核。重要的是，磁聚合物体是通过开创性的纳米反应器方法产生的，其中电穿孔触发囊泡膜内MNP的原位形成，提供了可切换的、可调谐的磁响应治疗诊断递送载体。
As the development of diagnostic/therapeutic (and combined: theranostic) nanomedicine grows, smart drug-delivery vehicles become ever more critical. Currently therapies consist of drugs tethered to, or encapsulated within nanoparticles or vesicles. There is growing interest in functionalising them with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to target the therapeutics by localising them using magnetic fields. An alternating magnetic field induces remote heating of the particles (hyperthermia) triggering drug release or cell death. Furthermore, MNPs are diagnostic MRI contrast agents. There is considerable interest in MNP embedded vehicles for nanomedicine, but their development is hindered by difficulties producing consistently monodisperse MNPs and their reliable loading into vesicles. Furthermore, it is highly advantageous to "trigger" MNP production and to tune the MNP's size and magnetic response. Here we present the first example of a tuneable, switchable magnetic delivery vehicle for nanomedical application. These are comprised of robust, tailored polymer vesicles (polymersomes) embedded with superparamagnetic magnetite MNPs (magnetopolymersomes) which show good MRI contrast (R2* = 148.8 s−1) and have a vacant core for loading of therapeutics. Critically, the magnetopolymersomes are produced by a pioneering nanoreactor method whereby electroporation triggers the in situ formation of MNPs within the vesicle membrane, offering a switchable, tuneable magnetic responsive theranostic delivery vehicle.