Meditations on Pascalian Meditations
Meditations on Pascalian Meditations
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帕斯卡式沉思录
DOI：
10.1080/03085140020019124
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lois McNay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lois McNay
学术界、知识分子和其他特权精英的自命不凡长期以来一直是皮埃尔·布迪厄批判性目光的目标。在他的最新作品《帕斯卡沉思录》中，布迪厄将他的解构工具转向经院哲学理性（“skhole”），后者被理解为纯粹理性或思想的“学究式喜剧”，认为自己不受世界实际世俗和紧迫性的阻碍。这种对“社会失重”思想幻象的解读背后的灵感并不像人们所期望的那样可以追溯到马克思，而是帕斯卡，特别是他的“真正的哲学轻视哲学”的观点。布迪厄在《帕斯卡》中对普通人及其实践活动提出了一种关注，这种关注没有民粹主义的天真，它不受那些错误地认识到自己的社会特权地位是他们开明思想的上级能力的证据的人的错觉的阻碍。布迪厄的方法现在很熟悉：运用“习性”和“长老”的概念，他揭示了潜在的社会和经济不平等，限制和排斥的策略以及允许学术精英-特别是那些在科学，伦理学领域工作的精英-的规范的内在化。（法律和政治），和美学--在他们自己和世俗世界之间建立一个‘神奇的边界’。这种与日常世界的隔离
The pretensions of academic, intellectual, and other privileged élites have long been a target of Pierre Bourdieu’s critical gaze. In his latest work, Pascalian Meditations , Bourdieu turns his deconstructive tools upon scholastic reason (‘skhole’) understood as pure reason or the ‘pedantic comedy’ of thought that believes itself to be unencumbered by the practical mundanities and urgencies of the world. The inspiration behind this unpacking of the illusion of ‘socially weightless’ thought is not traced back to Marx – as one might expect – but to Pascal and, in particular, to his idea that ‘true philosophy makes light of philosophy’. Bourdieu nds in Pascal a concern, devoid of populist naivety, for ordinary people and for their practical activities, which are unencumbered by the delusions of those who misrecognize their own positions of social privilege as evidence of their superior capacity for enlightened thought. Bourdieu’s method is by now familiar: deploying the concepts of ‘habitus’ and the ‘ eld’, he exposes the underlying social and economic inequalities, the strategies of restriction and exclusion and the internalization of norms that permit academic élites – in particular, those working in the domains of science, ethics (law and politics), and aesthetics – to establish a ‘magical boundary’ between themselves and the mundane world. This apartness from the everyday world is