Limited translation invariance of human visual pattern recognition
Limited translation invariance of human visual pattern recognition
复制标题
DOI：
10.3758/bf03211918
复制
发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fahle, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dill, M;Fahle, M
视觉对象识别被认为在很大程度上是平移不变的。然而，一项早期的研究（Foster & Kahn，1985）表明，对复杂的新刺激的识别部分地取决于视野中的位置：如果两个刺激都出现在相同的位置，而不是在不同的位置，那么确定两个短暂显示的随机模式的身份要容易得多。在一系列相同/不同的歧视任务中，我们描述了这种“位移效应”的过程：水平和垂直平移在降低性能方面同样有效。通过增加模式相似性使任务变得更加困难，导致更高的位置特异性。位移效应消失后，旋转或对比度反转的模式，表明位置特异性依赖于相对较低水平的处理。对照实验排除了独立于视觉模式记忆的解释，如空间注意力，眼球运动或视网膜后像。识别的位置特异性仅在相同的试验中发现。我们的研究结果表明，位置不变性，人类视觉系统的一个广泛认可的属性，是有限的特定的实验条件。涉及早期视觉表征或注意力窗口的心理变化的正常化模型不能轻易解释这些发现。
Visual object recognition is considered to be largely translation invariant. An earlier study (Foster & Kahn, 1985), however, has indicated that recognition of complex novel stimuli is partially specific to location in the visual field: It is significantly easier to determine the identity of two briefly displayed random patterns if both stimuli are presented at the same, rather than at different, locations. In a series of same/different discrimination tasks, we characterize the processes underlying this "displacement effect": Horizontal and vertical translations are equally effective in reducing performance. Making the task more difficult by increasing pattern similarity leads to even higher positional specificity. The displacement effect disappears after rotation or contrast reversal of the patterns, indicating that positional specificity depends on relatively low levels of processing. Control experiments rule out explanations that are independent of visual pattern memory, such as spatial attention, eye movements, or retinal afterimages. Positional specificity of recognition is found only for same trials. Our results demonstrate that position invariance, a widely acknowledged property of the human visual system, is limited to specific experimental conditions. Normalization models involving mental shifts of an early visual representation or of a window of attention cannot easily account for these findings.