Three-dimensional simulation of calcium waves and contraction in cardiomyocytes using the finite element method.
Three-dimensional simulation of calcium waves and contraction in cardiomyocytes using the finite element method.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.00261.2004
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发表时间：
2005-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Okada;S. Sugiura;S. Nishimura;T. Hisada
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Okada;S. Sugiura;S. Nishimura;T. Hisada
为了研究Ca(2+)波传播的特征和潜在机制，我们开发了一种心肌细胞三维(3-D)模拟器，其中使用有限元方法将肌膜、肌原纤维和具有Ca(2+)释放位点的Z线结构建模为单独的结构。与之前的研究类似，我们假设Ca(2+)从一个释放位点到另一个释放位点的扩散和Ca(2+)诱导的Ca(2+)释放是基本机制，但有限元方法的使用使我们不仅能够模拟3D空间中的波传播，而且能够模拟肌细胞的主动缩短。因此，除了Ca(2+)波传播速度依赖于肌浆网Ca(2+)含量和肌钙蛋白C对Ca(2+)的亲和力外，我们还能够评估主动缩短对传播速度的影响。此外，如果最初的Ca(2+)释放发生在细胞核附近，则螺旋Ca(2+)波以复杂的方式演化和传播，表明这种现象具有致心律失常的可能性。目前的 3-D 模拟器能够研究 Ca(2+) 波与收缩之间的相互作用，将成为研究这种复杂现象机制的有用工具。
To investigate the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of Ca(2+) wave propagation, we developed a three-dimensional (3-D) simulator of cardiac myocytes, in which the sarcolemma, myofibril, and Z-line structure with Ca(2+) release sites were modeled as separate structures using the finite element method. Similarly to previous studies, we assumed that Ca(2+) diffusion from one release site to another and Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release were the basic mechanisms, but use of the finite element method enabled us to simulate not only the wave propagation in 3-D space but also the active shortening of the myocytes. Therefore, in addition to the dependence of the Ca(2+) wave propagation velocity on the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) content and affinity of troponin C for Ca(2+), we were able to evaluate the influence of active shortening on the propagation velocity. Furthermore, if the initial Ca(2+) release took place in the proximity of the nucleus, spiral Ca(2+) waves evolved and spread in a complex manner, suggesting that this phenomenon has the potential for arrhythmogenicity. The present 3-D simulator, with its ability to study the interaction between Ca(2+) waves and contraction, will serve as a useful tool for studying the mechanism of this complex phenomenon.