Technology, Factor Supplies and International Specialization: Estimating the Neoclassical Model
Technology, Factor Supplies and International Specialization: Estimating the Neoclassical Model
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技术、要素供给和国际专业化：估计新古典模型
DOI：
10.3386/w5722
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Harrigan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Harrigan
贸易理论的标准新古典模型预测，国际专业化将由各国相对要素禀赋和相对技术水平的差异共同决定。本文利用对偶理论结合灵活的函数形式，详细说明了与新古典主义解释一致的专业化经验模型。根据经验模型，一个部门在GDP中的比重取决于相对要素供给和相对技术差异，模型的估计参数与理论参数有着密切而清晰的联系。该模型使用 OECD 国家 20 年 10 个国家的数据组对制造业进行估计。希克斯中性技术差异是利用全要素生产率比较理论的应用来衡量的，并直接衡量要素供给。估计模型在解释不同国家和不同时间段的生产变化方面表现良好，估计参数通常与理论和先前关于要素比例模型的实证研究一致。人们发现相对技术水平是专业化的重要决定因素
The standard neoclassical model of trade theory predicts that international specialization will be jointly determined by cross-country differences in relative factor endowments and relative technology levels. This paper uses duality theory combined with a flexible functional form to specify an empirical model of specialization consistent with the neoclassical explanation. According to the empirical model, a sector's share in GDP depends on both relative factor supplies and relative technology differences, and the estimated parameters of the model have a close and clear connection to theoretical parameters. The model is estimated for manufacturing sectors using a 20 year, 10 country panel of data on the OECD countries. Hicks-neutral technology differences are measured using an application of the theory of total factor productivity comparisons, and factor supplies are measured directly. The estimated model performs well in explaining variation in production across countries and over time, and the estimated parameters are generally in line with theory and previous empirical work on the factor proportions model. Relative technology levels are found to be an important determinant of specialization