Human use and reuse of megafaunal bones in North America: Bone fracture, taphonomy, and archaeological interpretation
Human use and reuse of megafaunal bones in North America: Bone fracture, taphonomy, and archaeological interpretation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2013.12.017
复制
发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
L. P. Karr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. P. Karr
北美晚更新世巨型动物群的遗骸代表了一个大陆范围的案例研究，以了解影响骨骼的攻丝过程，以及北美一些最早的居民对骨骼的使用和再利用。骨折、骨骼退化的复杂动力学，以及自然和文化割裂过程的影响，对解释北美断裂和支离破碎的动物考古材料的性质提出了挑战。环境在影响骨骼及其是否适合使用和再利用方面的作用是深远的。自然过程影响骨骼的保存及其使用的适宜性，这对考古学家检查碎裂和支离破碎的遗骸提出了解释挑战。本文试图以北美两个晚更新世遗址(爱达荷州的猫头鹰洞穴和马里兰州的英格尔伍德遗址)的证据为案例，突出动物考古(和古生物)组合中明显的文化、环境和解释差异，试图解释、描述和解决在评估和理解骨骼作为原材料的使用和再利用方面的一些固有问题。
The remains of Terminal Pleistocene megafauna in North America represent a continent-wide case study in understanding the taphonomic processes that affect bones, and the use and reuse of bones among some of North America's earliest inhabitants. The complex dynamics of bone fracture, bone degradation, and the effects of natural and cultural taphonomic processes present a challenge for interpreting the nature of fractured and fragmented zooarchaeological material in North America. The role of the environment in affecting bones and their suitability for use and reuse is profound. Natural processes affect the preservation of bones and their suitability for use, which presents an interpretive challenge for archaeologists examining fractured and fragmented remains. This paper seeks to explain, describe, and resolve some of the problems inherent in assessing and understanding the use and reuse of bones as raw materials, using evidence from two Terminal Pleistocene sites in North America (Owl Cave in Idaho, and the Inglewood site in Maryland) as case studies that highlight the cultural, environmental, and interpretive differences that are manifest in zooarchaeological (and paleontological) assemblages.