Comparative Probabilistic Assessment of Occupational Pesticide Exposures Based on Regulatory Assessments.
Comparative Probabilistic Assessment of Occupational Pesticide Exposures Based on Regulatory Assessments.
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基于监管评估的职业农药暴露比较概率评估。
DOI：
10.1111/risa.12936
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fenske,RichardA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pouzou,JaneG;Cullen,AlisonC;Yost,MichaelG;Kissel,JohnC;Fenske,RichardA
在暴露评估中实施概率分析可以提供对处于人口分布极端的人群（包括更脆弱或更敏感的亚组）的风险的宝贵见解。将这些分析纳入到目前的职业农药暴露的监管方法，使暴露数据集和相关的数据，目前使用的风险评估方法的环境保护局（EPA）。对来自农业农药暴露数据库和农药残留暴露数据库的暴露测量值沿着来自暴露因素手册和其他来源的数据进行了蒙特卡罗模拟，以计算三种不同神经毒性化合物（甲基azinphos，acetamiprid，emamectin benzoate）在四种农药处理情况下的暴露率。将剂量的概率估计值与EPA职业风险评估中使用的无可见影响水平进行了比较。预计有一定比例的工人对所有三种化合物的浓度都超过了关注水平：甲基嗪磷为54%，啶虫脒为5%，甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐为20%。这一发现对农药风险评估有影响，并提供了一种替代程序，可能比目前的方法更能保护处于极端暴露状态的人。
Implementation of probabilistic analyses in exposure assessment can provide valuable insight into the risks of those at the extremes of population distributions, including more vulnerable or sensitive subgroups. Incorporation of these analyses into current regulatory methods for occupational pesticide exposure is enabled by the exposure data sets and associated data currently used in the risk assessment approach of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Monte Carlo simulations were performed on exposure measurements from the Agricultural Handler Exposure Database and the Pesticide Handler Exposure Database along with data from the Exposure Factors Handbook and other sources to calculate exposure rates for three different neurotoxic compounds (azinphos methyl, acetamiprid, emamectin benzoate) across four pesticide‐handling scenarios. Probabilistic estimates of doses were compared with the no observable effect levels used in the EPA occupational risk assessments. Some percentage of workers were predicted to exceed the level of concern for all three compounds: 54% for azinphos methyl, 5% for acetamiprid, and 20% for emamectin benzoate. This finding has implications for pesticide risk assessment and offers an alternative procedure that may be more protective of those at the extremes of exposure than the current approach.