Features and Paleoecological Significance of the Shark Fauna from the Upper Cretaceous Hinoshima Formation, Himenoura Group, Southwest Japan
Features and Paleoecological Significance of the Shark Fauna from the Upper Cretaceous Hinoshima Formation, Himenoura Group, Southwest Japan
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日本西南部姬野浦群上白垩统日野岛组鲨鱼动物群的特征和古生态意义
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
N. Kitamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Kitamura
抽象的。根据在日本九州熊本县上山库萨地区姬之浦群上白垩统日之岛组（Santonian：86.3-83.6 Ma）的5个地点（姬户公园、久岛、和田花、东浦和小取越）发现的鲨鱼牙齿化石，对该地区的鲨鱼动物群进行了研究。进行了详细的地质调查和分类学分析，并在以前的研究中考虑了每个地点的栖息地，沉积环境和相关的软体动物。共鉴定出鲨鱼化石6目11科15属23种。这个组合比以前报道的日本更多样化，Lamniformes和Hexanchiformes丰富。鲨鱼区系有三类：沿海地区（姬户公园;可能是一个繁殖地）、海岸到公海（久久岛和和田花）以及海底或近海底动物群（久岛、和田花、东浦和小取越）。日之岛组的鲨鱼动物群与叶三群和双叶群相似，也与来自安哥拉、澳大利亚和南极洲的动物群相似。然而，基于分类群的组成，动物群不同于西部内陆航道和欧洲的上白垩纪鲨鱼动物群。日本上白垩纪的鲨鱼动物群，包括日野岛组，包括活跃的中上层（角鲨和Cretoxyrhina mantelli）和底栖中上层（如Notidanodon，Chlamydoselachus，Sphenodus）捕食者。这些类群可能共存，因为他们占据不同的生态位。日本晚白垩世鲨鱼动物群的特征与同时代的南半球动物群（如安哥拉、澳大利亚和南极洲）相似。这表明南半球特有的鲨鱼动物群（如Notidanodon、Chlamydoselachus、Sphenodus）在晚白垩世已扩散到北方半球的中纬度地区。
Abstract. The shark fauna of the Upper Cretaceous Hinoshima Formation (Santonian: 86.3–83.6 Ma) of the Himenoura Group (Kamiamakusa, Kumamoto Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan) was investigated based on fossil shark teeth found at five localities: Himedo Park, Kugushima, Wadanohana, Higashiura, and Kotorigoe. A detailed geological survey and taxonomic analysis was undertaken, and the habitat, depositional environment, and associated mollusks of each locality were considered in the context of previous studies. Twenty-three species, 15 genera, 11 families, and 6 orders of fossil sharks are recognized from the localities. This assemblage is more diverse than has previously been reported for Japan, and Lamniformes and Hexanchiformes were abundant. Three categories of shark fauna are recognized: a coastal region (Himedo Park; probably a breeding site), the coast to the open sea (Kugushima and Wadanohana), and bottom-dwelling or near-seafloor fauna (Kugushima, Wadanohana, Higashiura, and Kotorigoe). The shark fauna of the Hinoshima Formation is similar to that of the Yezo and Futaba groups, and also to faunas from Angola, Australia, and Antarctica. However, based on the composition of taxa, the fauna differs from that of the Upper Cretaceous shark fauna of the Western Interior Seaway and Europe. The Upper Cretaceous shark fauna of Japan, including the Hinoshima Formation, contained active pelagic (Squalicorax and Cretoxyrhina mantelli) and bentho-pelagic (e.g. Notidanodon, Chlamydoselachus, Sphenodus) predators. These taxa probably coexisted, as they occupied different ecological niches. The characteristics of the Late Cretaceous shark fauna in Japan are similar to those of the contemporaneous Southern Hemisphere fauna (e.g. Angola, Australia, and Antarctica). This shows that the characteristic shark fauna (e.g. Notidanodon, Chlamydoselachus, Sphenodus) of the Southern Hemisphere had spread to the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere by the Late Cretaceous.