The paradigm of Th1 and Th2 cytokines - Its relevance to autoimmunity and allergy
The paradigm of Th1 and Th2 cytokines - Its relevance to autoimmunity and allergy
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02786470
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Agarwal, SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singh, VK;Mehrotra, S;Agarwal, SS
在过去的几年中，大量的证据表明，存在功能极化的反应，由CD 4（+）T辅助（Th）-和CD 8（+）T细胞毒性（Tc）-细胞亚群，取决于它们产生的细胞因子。Th 1和Th 2细胞免疫应答提供了一个有用的模型，不仅用于解释不同类型的保护，而且用于解释几种免疫病理学疾病的致病机制。负责特异性免疫应答极化成主要Th 1或Th 2分布的因素已经在小鼠和人中进行了广泛的研究。从动物模型中积累的证据表明，Th 1型淋巴因子参与器官特异性自身免疫性疾病的发生，如实验性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎、实验性过敏性脑脊髓炎或胰岛素依赖性糖尿病。因此，迄今为止在人类疾病中获得的数据有利于器官特异性自身免疫患者靶器官中普遍存在的Th 1淋巴因子谱。相比之下，在慢性移植物抗宿主病、进行性系统性硬化症、系统性红斑狼疮和过敏性疾病患者的皮肤中发现了Th 2细胞优势。Th 1/Th 2的概念表明，调节Th 1或Th 2型细胞因子的相对贡献调节保护和免疫病理学之间的平衡，以及一些免疫疾病的发展和/或严重程度。在本文中，我们讨论了Th 1和Th 2型细胞因子与自身免疫和变态反应的关系。
In the past few years, considerable evidence has accumulated to suggest the existence of functionally polarized responses by the CD4(+) T helper (Th)-and the CD8(+) T cytotoxic (Tc)-cell subsets that depend on the cytokines they produce. The Th1 and Th2 cellular immune response provide a useful model for explaining not only the different types of protection, but also the pathogenic mechanisms of several immunopathological disorders. The factors responsible for the polarization of specific immune response into a predominant Th1 or Th2 profile have been extensively investigated in mice and humans. Evidence has accumulated from animal models to suggest that Th1-type lymphokines are involved in the genesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as experimental autoimmune uveitis, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, data so far available in human diseases favor a prevalent Th1 lymphokine profile in target organs of patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. By contrast, Th2-cell predominance was found in the skin of patients with chronic graft-versus host disease, progressive systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and allergic diseases. The Th1/Th2 concept suggests that modulation of relative contribution of Th1- or Th2-type cytokines regulate the balance between protection and immunopathology, as well as the development and/or the severity of some immunologic disorders, In this review, we have discussed the paradigm of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in relation to autoimmunity and allergy.