Grappling With Complex Food Systems to Reduce Obesity: A US Public Health Challenge
Grappling With Complex Food Systems to Reduce Obesity: A US Public Health Challenge
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DOI：
10.1177/0033354918802793
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bennett, Wendy L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barnhill, Anne;Palmer, Anne;Bennett, Wendy L.
尽管公共卫生界20年来一直在努力与肥胖作斗争，但美国的肥胖率仍在继续上升。这种缺乏进展的情况对我们目前的做法是否适当提出了根本性的问题。尽管造成全民肥胖的原因是多因素的，但人们对食物系统作为肥胖潜在驱动因素的关注一直很突出。然而，更广泛的食物系统和肥胖之间的关系并不总是被很好地理解。通过采用系统方法，考虑到相互关联的全球粮食系统的结果，包括营养不良、气候变化、农业的环境可持续性以及其他社会和经济问题，我们可以推进和改善解决肥胖问题的努力。通过实施创新的地方和国家项目，采取新方法克服政治障碍以影响政策，重新定义研究需求，我们可以改善针对食品系统的肥胖预防工作，最大限度地提高积极成果，最大限度地减少不良后果。我们建议加强创新的地方政策和计划，特别是那些让社区成员参与识别问题和潜在解决方案的政策和计划，以及那些包括更健康饮食模式之外的广泛目标的政策和计划。我们还建议开展跨学科研究项目，这些项目不仅仅是在特定人群中测试有针对性的干预措施，而是旨在建立对更广泛的社会、政治和经济背景的理解。
Despite 2 decades of effort by the public health community to combat obesity, obesity rates in the United States continue to rise. This lack of progress raises fundamental questions about the adequacy of our current approaches. Although the causes of population-wide obesity are multifactorial, attention to food systems as potential drivers of obesity has been prominent. However, the relationships between broader food systems and obesity are not always well understood. Our efforts to address obesity can be advanced and improved by the use of systems approaches that consider outcomes of the interconnected global food system, including undernutrition, climate change, the environmental sustainability of agriculture, and other social and economic concerns. By implementing innovative local and state programs, taking new approaches to overcome political obstacles to effect policy, and reconceptualizing research needs, we can improve obesity prevention efforts that target the food systems, maximize positive outcomes, and minimize adverse consequences. We recommend strengthening innovative local policies and programs, particularly those that involve community members in identifying problems and potential solutions and that embrace a broad set of goals beyond making eating patterns healthier. We also recommend undertaking interdisciplinary research projects that go beyond testing targeted interventions in specific populations and aim to build an understanding of the broader social, political, and economic context.