Influenza antivirals currently in late-phase clinical trial.
Influenza antivirals currently in late-phase clinical trial.
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DOI：
10.1111/irv.12446
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Hurt AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koszalka P;Tilmanis D;Hurt AC
抗流感病毒药物对于控制流感非常重要，特别是对于治疗感染季节性流感病毒、新出现的流感毒株或发生大流行后患有严重疾病的流感患者。目前正在后期临床试验中研究的许多流感抗病毒药物与目前批准用于治疗流感的药物相比，其作用机制不同。硝唑尼特和DAS 181靶向宿主细胞的组分并改变病毒有效复制的能力，而小分子药物（如T705、JNJ 63623872和S-033188）则与病毒聚合酶复合物结合并限制病毒复制。目前用于治疗流感的临床试验中的单克隆抗体最常靶向血凝素分子的干细胞区域。动物模型和体外研究的早期发现表明，许多新的抗病毒药物与奥司他韦联合使用时，其疗效优于单药治疗。目前正在研究评估单药治疗和联合治疗的临床试验。人们希望，随着新的抗病毒药物获得许可，它们将改善重症流感患者的护理标准和预后。
Influenza antiviral drugs are important for the control of influenza, most specifically for the treatment of influenza patients with severe disease following infection with a seasonal influenza virus, a newly emerging influenza strain, or in the event of a pandemic. Many influenza antivirals that are currently under investigation in late‐stage clinical trials differ in their mechanism of action compared to drugs currently licensed for the treatment of influenza. Nitazoxanide and DAS181 target components of the host cell and alter the ability of the virus to replicate efficiently, while small molecule drugs such as T705, JNJ63623872 and S‐033188 bind to the viral polymerase complex and restrict viral replication. Monoclonal antibodies that are currently in clinical trial for the treatment of influenza most commonly are targeted to the stem region of the haemagglutinin molecule. Early findings from animal models and in vitro studies suggest that many of the new antiviral drugs when tested in combination with oseltamivir have improved effectiveness over monotherapy. Clinical trials assessing both monotherapy and combination therapy are currently under investigation. It is hoped that as new antivirals are licensed, they will improve the standard of care and outcomes for influenza patients with severe disease.