Sociology, risk and the environment: a material-semiotic approach
Sociology, risk and the environment: a material-semiotic approach
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社会学、风险和环境：物质符号学方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Lockie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Wong;S. Lockie
摘要 社会学对风险的概念化和技术风险分析的批判做出了重大贡献。然而，它无意中强化了风险分析中自然/技术和社会科学之间的分工。本文认为，风险概念化的问题并不是过分强调计算。相反，我们没有充分处理隐含在关于风险的社会学和技术工作中的物质或客观风险与我们对这些风险的社会介导的理解和解释之间的本体论区别。虽然承认风险同时具有社会性和技术性，但社会学家在实践中并未提供概念和方法工具来以不那么二元化的方式理解风险。这限制了我们分析社会领域之外的参与者和过程以及探索风险演算、社会行动和风险的物质结果之间的递归关系的能力。作为回应，本文提出了风险的物质符号概念化，并对其与更具社会学信息的风险治理的相关性进行了评估。它引入了共构、新兴实体和制定的思想，作为风险社会学研究中调和物质世界和社会世界的工具。它进一步说明了使用这些概念的材料符号方法在核工业中的应用。在解构风险社会学中的社会物质二元论时，本文认为，风险的物质符号学概念化使风险的技术和社会观点不仅能够共存而且能够协作，从而扩大了跨学科研究的范围。
Abstract Sociology has made significant contributions to the conceptualisation of risk and critique of technical risk analysis. It has, however, unintentionally reinforced the division of labour between the natural/technical and social sciences in risk analysis. This paper argues that the problem with conceptualisations of risk is not a misplaced emphasis on calculation. Rather, it is that we have not adequately dealt with ontological distinctions implicit in both sociological and technical work on risk between material or objective risks and our socially mediated understandings and interpretations of those risks. While acknowledging that risks are simultaneously social and technical, sociologists have not, in practice, provided the conceptual and methodological tools to apprehend risk in a less dualistic manner. This limits our ability both to analyse actors and processes outside the social domain and to explore the recursive relationships between risk calculus, social action and the material outcomes of risk. In response, this paper develops a material-semiotic conceptualisation of risk and provides an assessment of its relevance to more sociologically informed risk governance. It introduces the ideas of co-constitution, emergent entities and enactment as instruments for reconciling the material and social worlds in a sociological study of risk. It further illustrates the application of a material-semiotic approach using these concepts in the nuclear industry. In deconstructing social–material dualisms in the sociology of risk, this paper argues that a material-semiotic conceptualisation of risk enables both technical and social perspectives on risk not only to coexist but to collaborate, widening the scope for interdisciplinary research.
DOI：
10.1068/c11230
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Government and Policy
影响因子：
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作者：
Donaldson A
通讯作者：
Donaldson A