Temporal evolution of the central fixation bias in scene viewing.
Temporal evolution of the central fixation bias in scene viewing.
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DOI：
10.1167/17.13.3
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Lars O. M. Rothkegel;H. Trukenbrod;Heiko H. Schütt;Felix Wichmann;Ralf Engbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lars O. M. Rothkegel;H. Trukenbrod;Heiko H. Schütt;Felix Wichmann;Ralf Engbert
当在电脑屏幕上观看自然场景的图像时，观察者最初会将他们的眼睛移向图像的中心——这是一个可靠的实验发现，称为中心注视偏差。这种眼睛引导的系统性倾向可能掩盖了由图像属性和自上而下的认知过程驱动的注意力选择。在这里，我们表明，中央注视偏差可以通过延迟相对于图像开始的初始扫视来减少。在四个场景观看实验中，我们控制了观察者的初始注视位置，并将他们的第一次扫视延迟了一个特定的时间间隔，相对于图像的开始。我们分析了到图像中心的距离随时间的变化，结果表明，延迟扫视发作后，初始注视的中心注视偏差显著减少。我们还表明，初始扫视目标的选择强烈依赖于第一次扫视延迟。先前发表的眼跳生成模型扩展了初始注视的中央激活图，其影响随着眼跳潜伏期的增加而下降。这种扩展足以复制我们实验中的中心固定偏差。我们的研究结果表明，中央注视偏差是由默认激活产生的，作为对突然图像发作的反应，并且这种默认激活模式随着时间的推移而减少。因此，通常最好使用场景观看范式的修改版本，将图像开始与场景探索的开始信号解耦，以明确减少中心注视偏差。
When watching the image of a natural scene on a computer screen, observers initially move their eyes toward the center of the image-a reliable experimental finding termed central fixation bias. This systematic tendency in eye guidance likely masks attentional selection driven by image properties and top-down cognitive processes. Here, we show that the central fixation bias can be reduced by delaying the initial saccade relative to image onset. In four scene-viewing experiments we manipulated observers' initial gaze position and delayed their first saccade by a specific time interval relative to the onset of an image. We analyzed the distance to image center over time and show that the central fixation bias of initial fixations was significantly reduced after delayed saccade onsets. We additionally show that selection of the initial saccade target strongly depended on the first saccade latency. A previously published model of saccade generation was extended with a central activation map on the initial fixation whose influence declined with increasing saccade latency. This extension was sufficient to replicate the central fixation bias from our experiments. Our results suggest that the central fixation bias is generated by default activation as a response to the sudden image onset and that this default activation pattern decreases over time. Thus, it may often be preferable to use a modified version of the scene viewing paradigm that decouples image onset from the start signal for scene exploration to explicitly reduce the central fixation bias.