Mid-to late-Holocene land-use change and lake development at Dallund S0, Denmark: vegetation and land-use history inferred from pollen data
Mid-to late-Holocene land-use change and lake development at Dallund S0, Denmark: vegetation and land-use history inferred from pollen data
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丹麦 Dallund S0 全新世中晚期土地利用变化和湖泊开发：从花粉数据推断的植被和土地利用历史
DOI：
10.1191/0959683605hl884rp
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Rasmussen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Rasmussen
对位于丹麦富南北部平原的达伦索湖11米沉积岩心进行的花粉和植物宏观化石分析，提供了过去7000年植被历史的记录，以应对土地利用方式的变化。在公元前3900年左右，榆树的数量出现了明显的下降。大约在榆树衰落400年后，出现了谷类花粉(小麦花粉型)，这是第一次农业活动。在此之后不久，新石器时代的“陆地”感觉艾弗森被发现。大约在青铜时代晚期/前罗马铁器时代(公元前500年)的过渡时期，人们推测，在大规模的森林砍伐之后，牧区、耕地和草场的大规模扩张。费格斯的迁徙时间很难确定，但公元前700年达到了一个门槛百分比>；2，这表明那时当地存在费格斯林地。在铁器时代晚期(公元400年-公元1050年)，谷物和大麻类花粉丰度的增加表明可耕作农业的增加。当代的壳斗莲/栎树林地扩张可能是由于农业系统的变化。宏观化石记录表明，这一时期的湖泊存在亚麻-蜡染现象。中世纪初期，伴随着可耕作农业(谷类、苦荞麦、亚麻、大麻)的大规模扩张，出现了新的大规模砍伐森林的现象。宏观化石记录记录了中世纪时期广泛的亚麻脱胶，沉积物中大麻类花粉的高价值也表明大麻植物的强烈脱胶。在17世纪和18世纪，这个集水区可能见证了过去7000年来最强烈的农业影响。
Pollen and plant macrofossil analysis of an 11-m sediment core from Dallund So, a lake situated in the plains of north Funen, Denmark, provide a record of the last 7000 years of vegetation history in response to changing land-use practices. Around 3900 BC, a distinct Ulmus decline is registered. The first agricultural activity is evidenced c. 400 years after the elm decline by the occurrence of cereal pollen (AvenalTriticum-type). Shortly after this, the Neolithic ‘landnam’ sensu Iversen was detected. Around the transition Late Bronze Age/Pre-Roman Iron Age (500 BC), extensive forest clearances followed by a major expansion of grazing areas, cultivated fields and meadows was inferred. The immigration time of Fagus is hard to identify but a threshold percentage > 2 was reached c. 700 BC, suggesting a local presence of Fagus woodland by then. In the Late Iron Age (AD 400-AD 1050), rising abundances of cereal and Cannabis-type pollen indicate increased arable farming. A contemporary Fagus/Quercus woodland expansion may be due to a change in the agricultural system. Linum-retting in the lake in this period is suggested by the macrofossil record. At the beginning of the Mediaeval period, new major deforestation was inferred, accompanied by a massive expansion of arable farming (cereals, Fagopyrum, Linum, Cannabis). Extensive Linum-retting in the Mediaeval period is documented by the macrofossil record and high values of Cannabis-type pollen in the sediments also suggest intensive retting of hemp plants. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the catchment probably witnessed the strongest agricultural impact of the last 7000 years.