Standardized Preparation for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Pigs.
Standardized Preparation for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Pigs.
复制标题
猪粪便微生物群移植的标准化制备
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2018.01328
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Yan X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu J;Chen L;Tang Y;Xie C;Xu B;Shi M;Zheng W;Zhou S;Wang X;Liu L;Yan Y;Yang T;Niu Y;Hou Q;Xu X;Yan X
猪的肠道内含有大量的微生物，这些微生物对肠道内稳态和宿主健康至关重要。肠道微生物紊乱会引起肠道炎症和代谢功能障碍，从而对猪的生长和健康造成不利影响。在人类医学中，粪便微生物群移植（FMT），其将来自健康供体的粪便微生物群移植到患者受体中，已经显示出在肠道微生物群恢复中的功效。此外，它已被广泛用于治疗人类胃肠道疾病，包括艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病和肠易激综合征。鉴于猪在解剖学、营养生理学和肠道微生物组成方面与人类有许多相似之处，FMT也可用于恢复猪的正常肠道微生物群。然而，在猪中进行FMT的可行程序仍不清楚。在这里，我们总结了一个标准化的制备FMT在猪结合标准方法学的人FMT与猪生产。猪FMT的关键问题包括供体选择、粪料制备、粪料转移、粪库建立和安全性等。为了保证猪FMT的效果，降低FMT过程中传染病传播给受体的风险，应选择最佳供体。强烈建议准备新鲜的粪便。或者，也可以制备冷冻粪便混悬液作为最佳选择，因为它方便且具有相似的功效。粪悬液经口给药是一种较理想的猪粪便物质转移方法。此外，粪料的稀释比例和粪料转运的频率可根据养猪业的实际情况进行调整。为了满足养猪业潜在的大规模需求，建立粪便库以使猪FMT易于获得是重要的。未来的研究还应关注提供更可靠的FMT安全性数据，以提高受体猪的安全性和耐受性。这种猪FMT的标准化制剂可以促进微生物靶向治疗的发展，并改善猪的肠道健康。
The intestine of pigs harbors a mass of microorganisms which are essential for intestinal homeostasis and host health. Intestinal microbial disorders induce enteric inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, thereby causing adverse effects on the growth and health of pigs. In the human medicine, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which engrafts the fecal microbiota from a healthy donor into a patient recipient, has shown efficacy in intestinal microbiota restoration. In addition, it has been used widely in therapy for human gastrointestinal diseases, including Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel diseases, and irritable bowel syndrome. Given that pigs share many similarities with humans, in terms of anatomy, nutritional physiology, and intestinal microbial compositions, FMT may also be used to restore the normal intestinal microbiota of pigs. However, feasible procedures for performing FMT in pigs remains unclear. Here, we summarize a standardized preparation for FMT in pigs by combining the standard methodology for human FMT with pig production. The key issues include the donor selection, fecal material preparation, fecal material transfer, stool bank establishment, and the safety for porcine FMT. Optimal donors should be selected to ensure the efficacy of porcine FMT and reduce the risks of transmitting infectious diseases to recipients during FMT. Preparing for fresh fecal material is highly recommended. Alternatively, frozen fecal suspension can also be prepared as an optimal choice because it is convenient and has similar efficacy. Oral administration of fecal suspension could be an optimal method for porcine fecal material transfer. Furthermore, the dilution ratio of fecal materials and the frequency of fecal material transfer could be adjusted according to practical situations in the pig industry. To meet the potential large-scale requirement in the pig industry, it is important to establish a stool bank to make porcine FMT readily available. Future studies should also focus on providing more robust safety data on FMT to improve the safety and tolerability of the recipient pigs. This standardized preparation for porcine FMT can facilitate the development of microbial targeted therapies and improve the intestinal health of pigs.