Maximum temperatures in evolving protoplanetary discs and composition of planetary building blocks

Maximum temperatures in evolving protoplanetary discs and composition of planetary building blocks
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演化中的原行星盘的最高温度和行星构件的组成

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stab837
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Steffen, Jason H
Steffen, Jason H
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Min;Huang, Shichun;Zhu, Zhaohuan;Petaev, Michail I;Steffen, Jason H

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原行星盘中的最高温度和径向温度分布对于盘中不同元素的凝聚是很重要的。我们模拟了一组原行星盘从它们的前身分子云核的坍塌以及盘内尘埃在演化过程中的解耦而演变的过程。我们用一个简单的粘性盘模型展示了云核的初始性质是如何影响原行星盘的热历史的。结果表明,圆盘的最大中面温度出现在0.5Au以内。它随初始云温度的升高而增大,随其角速度和圆盘粘度的增大而减小。从观测到的分子云核的性质中,我们发现最高温度的中值在1250K左右,其中大约90%的最高温度低于1500K--这个值低于大多数难熔元素50%的凝结温度。因此,只有在行星形成盘内具有高初始温度或低角速度和/或低粘度的云核才会产生富含耐火材料的行星体。要再现CM、CO、CV球粒陨石和太阳系类地行星的挥发性损耗模式,必须具有初始分子云核的稀有性质,如核心温度高,或具有将圆盘加热到足够高的温度的其他能源。或者,在这些球粒陨石中观察到的挥发性亏损可能是从先驱分子云继承而来的。
The maximum temperature and radial temperature profile in a protoplanetary disc are important for the condensation of different elements in the disc. We simulate the evolution of a set of protoplanetary discs from the collapse of their progenitor molecular cloud cores as well as the dust decoupling within the discs as they evolve. We show how the initial properties of the cloud cores affect the thermal history of the protoplanetary discs using a simple viscous disc model. Our results show that the maximum mid-plane temperature in the disc occurs within 0.5 au. It increases with the initial cloud temperature and decreases with its angular velocity and the viscosity of the disc. From the observed properties of the molecular cloud cores, we find the median value of the maximum temperature is around 1250 K, with roughly 90 per cent of them being less than 1500 K – a value that is lower than the 50 per cent condensation temperatures of most refractory elements. Therefore, only cloud cores with high initial temperatures or low-angular velocities and/or low viscosities within the planet-forming discs will result in refractory-rich planetesimals. To reproduce the volatile depletion pattern of CM, CO, and CV chondrites and the terrestrial planets in Solar system, one must either have rare properties of the initial molecular cloud cores like high core temperature, or other sources of energy to heat the disc to sufficiently high temperatures. Alternatively, the volatile depletion observed in these chondrites may be inherited from the progenitor molecular cloud.
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