Sex releases the speed limit on evolution
Sex releases the speed limit on evolution
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/nature01191
复制
发表时间：
2002-12-12
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Colegrave, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colegrave, N
解释性的进化维持仍然是进化生物学中的一个关键问题（1-3）。性别的一个潜在好处是，当环境条件发生变化时，它可以通过提高选择修复有益突变的效率来实现更快的适应性反应（4-7）。在这里，我表明，性别可以增加适应率的兼性单细胞绿藻莱茵衣藻，但性别的好处取决于人口的大小，是适应：性别有显着的影响，在大人口，但在小人口的影响不大。已经提出了几种机制来解释在新环境中性行为的益处，包括小种群中的随机效应、克隆干扰和有益等位基因之间的上位性。这些结果表明克隆干扰在该系统中是重要的。
Explaining the evolutionary maintenance of sex remains a key problem in evolutionary biology(1-3). One potential benefit of sex is that it may allow a more rapid adaptive response when environmental conditions change, by increasing the efficiency with which selection can fix beneficial mutations(4-7). Here I show that sex can increase the rate of adaptation in the facultatively sexual single-celled chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, but that the benefits of sex depend crucially on the size of the population that is adapting: sex has a marked effect in large populations but little effect in small populations. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the benefits of sex in a novel environment, including stochastic effects in small populations, clonal interference and epistasis between beneficial alleles. These results indicate that clonal interference is important in this system.