The role of psychological characteristics in the relation between socioeconomic status and perceived health
The role of psychological characteristics in the relation between socioeconomic status and perceived health
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb01396.x
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Salonen, JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, S;Kaplan, GA;Salonen, JT
对美国和芬兰样本的单独分析表明，社会经济地位 (SES) 与感知健康状况不佳的风险之间存在分级（几乎线性）关系。在这两项研究中，积极的心理因素（更多的社会支持；更少的愤怒、抑郁和感知压力）和有益的健康习惯（不吸烟、饮酒和适度锻炼）与较高的社会经济地位和更好的自我报告健康状况相关。心理和健康实践变量都能够解释一些社会经济地位和不良健康梯度。然而，与预期相反，这些因素并没有在解释社会经济地位中等和最高水平的风险下降方面发挥更重要的作用，相反，在解释最低水平时这些因素可能最为重要。
Separate analyses of United States and Finnish samples demonstrate a graded (almost linear) relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and risk of poor perceived health. In both studies, positive psychological factors (greater social support; less anger, depression, and perceived stress) and beneficial health practices (nonsmoking; drinking and exercising moderately) were associated with both higher levels of SES and better self-reported health. Psychological and health practice variables were both able to account for some of the SES and poor health gradient. However, contrary to expectations, these factors did not play a more important role in explaining decreased risk at the middle and highest levels of SES, and instead may be most important at lowest levels.