Demographic consequences of sexual selection in the long-tailed manakin
Demographic consequences of sexual selection in the long-tailed manakin
复制标题
长尾侏儒鸟性选择的人口统计学后果
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/4.4.297
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
D. McDonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. McDonald
性别之间的人口差异是性选择的主要结果。基于矩阵的人口测量，包括λ（人口增长率，适应度）对生存率和生育率的敏感性和弹性，是两性分化的有力指标。许多形态，行为和生态差异区分男性和女性的lekking长尾侏儒鸟（Chiroxiumlineris），没有比人口差异更显着。只有16 142（8%）带状男性在8年期间交配。男性交配者的平均估计年龄为10.1岁（SD = 2.2），166次交配中只有5次是由18岁以下的男性进行的。雌性可能在1岁或2岁时开始繁殖。12岁雄性的生殖值曲线达到15.0的峰值，而6岁雌性的生殖值曲线为2.7。基于矩阵的弹性X的生存率是男性（总弹性的91%）比女性（80%）。在一项基于文献的种间比较中，雄性和雌性侏儒鸟的生存弹性差异（91-80=11; 16种/性别组合的第2和第9级）大于北方象海豹的性别间（90-84=6;等级3和8），其具有哺乳动物记录的雄性交配成功率的最高方差;红鹿（88-87=1;等级4和5）;加拉帕戈斯仙人掌雀（79-74=5;等级10和12）;和橡子啄木鸟（76-74=2;等级11和13）。在面对持续的辩论，适当的措施，性选择，矩阵为基础的人口统计技术促进定量，比较分析的生活史后果的性选择。对两性间人口差异的测量可能会为迄今为止在大小或装饰上几乎没有二型性的物种中令人困惑的性选择提供见解。
Demographic divergence between the sexes is a major consequence of sexual selection. Matrix-based demographic measures, including the sensitivity and elasticity of λ (population growth rate, fitness) to survival and fertility rates are powerful indexes of intersexual divergence. Many morphological, behavioral, and ecological differences distinguish males and females in lekking long-tailed manakins (Chiroxiphia linearis), and none is more dramatic than the demographic divergence. Only 16 of 142 (8%) banded males copulated during an 8-year period. The mean estimated age of male copulators was 10.1 years (SD = 2.2), and only 5 of 166 copulations were by males ≦8 years old. Females probably begin reproduction at age 1 or 2. The reproductive value curve reached a peak of 15.0 for 12th-year males, versus 2.7 for sixth-year females. The matrix-based elasticity of X to survival rates was greater in males (91% of total elasticity) than in females (80% of total). In a literature-based, interspecific comparison, the difference in elasticity to survival between the male and female manakins (91–80=11; ranks 2 and 9 of 16 species/sex combinations) was greater than that between the sexes in northern elephant seals (90–84=6; ranks 3 and 8), which have the highest variance of male mating success documented for mammals; red deer (88–87=1; ranks 4 and 5); Galapagos cactus finches (79–74=5; ranks 10 and 12); and acorn woodpeckers (76–74=2; ranks 11 and 13). In the face of continuing debate over appropriate measures of sexual selection, matrix-based demographic techniques facilitate quantitative, comparative analyses of the life-history consequences of sexual selection. Measures of intersexual demographic divergence may provide insights into heretofore puzzling instances of sexual selection in species with little dimorphism in size or ornament.