Diversity in academic medicine no. 3 struggle for survival among leading diversity programs.
Diversity in academic medicine no. 3 struggle for survival among leading diversity programs.
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学术医学的多样性没有。
DOI：
10.1002/msj.20081
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kondwani,Kofi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Strelnick,AHal;Taylor,VeraS;Williams,Beverly;Lee-Rey,Elizabeth;Herbert-Carter,Janice;Fry-Johnson,YvonneW;Smith,QuentinT;Rust,George;Kondwani,Kofi
自从增加学术医学多样性的努力在内战后不久就开始了，这些努力的特点是新旧项目之间为了生存而无休止的斗争。在内战后的40年里，少数民族服务机构的数量从2个增加到9个，然后由于卡内基教学促进基金会的不利评估，数量再次下降到2个。50年来，这些项目发展缓慢，直到20世纪60年代具有里程碑意义的民权立法通过后才加快了速度。从1987年到2005年，在诸如卓越中心和健康职业机会项目等新的联邦项目的推动下，它们迅速扩张。包括多数白人机构和少数族裔服务机构在内，卓越中心的数量增加到34个，健康职业机会项目的数量增加到74个。然后，在2006年，联邦政府突然大幅削减资金，将卓越中心和健康职业机会项目的数量减少到每个4个。在智库的支持下，一些倡导团体一直在努力将联邦政府的资助恢复到以前的水平，但到目前为止都无济于事。与此同时，为增加医疗行业中代表性不足的少数群体的代表性而进行的斗争由幸存的项目进行，包括剩余的卓越中心和健康职业机会项目，以及由州、地方和私人机构资助的新项目，这些项目已经从灰烬中崛起。西奈山医学杂志75:504-516，©2008西奈山医学院
Since efforts to increase the diversity of academic medicine began shortly after the Civil War, the efforts have been characterized by a ceaseless struggle of old and new programs to survive. In the 40 years after the Civil War, the number of minority‐serving institutions grew from 2 to 9, and then the number fell again to 2 in response to an adverse evaluation by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. For 50 years, the programs grew slowly, picking up speed only after the passage of landmark civil rights legislation in the 1960s. From 1987 through 2005, they expanded rapidly, fueled by such new federal programs as the Centers of Excellence and Health Careers Opportunity Programs. Encompassing majority‐white institutions as well as minority‐serving institutions, the number of Centers of Excellence grew to 34, and the number of Health Careers Opportunity Programs grew to 74. Then, in 2006, the federal government cut its funding abruptly and drastically, reducing the number of Centers of Excellence and Health Careers Opportunity Programs to 4 each. Several advocacy groups, supported by think tanks, have striven to restore federal funding to previous levels, so far to no avail. Meanwhile, the struggle to increase the representation of underrepresented minorities in the health professions is carried on by the surviving programs, including the remaining Centers of Excellence and Health Careers Opportunity Programs and new programs that, funded by state, local, and private agencies, have arisen from the ashes. Mt Sinai J Med 75:504–516, © 2008 Mount Sinai School of Medicine