Pathogens, personality, and culture: Disease prevalence predicts worldwide variability in sociosexuality, extraversion, and openness to experience
Pathogens, personality, and culture: Disease prevalence predicts worldwide variability in sociosexuality, extraversion, and openness to experience
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.212
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Murray, Damian R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schaller, Mark;Murray, Damian R.
之前的研究已经证明了人格特征的跨文化差异，但这些差异的来源仍然不清楚。作者调查了这些文化差异的可能性，部分可以追溯到传染病流行率的地区差异。三个具体的假设被推出，预测疾病流行与(A)不受限制的社会性行为、(B)外向和(C)开放的经验之间的负相关关系。这些假设通过使用流行病学地图集和从全球数十个国家的个人收集的个性数据的方法进行了实证检验。结果与所有三个假设一致：在历史上感染疾病水平较高的地区，人们报告的社会性取向、外向性和开放性的平均水平较低。文中提出了不同的解释，并讨论了可能的潜在机制。
Previous research has documented cross-cultural differences in personality traits, but the origins of those differences remain unknown. The authors investigate the possibility that these cultural differences can be traced, in part, to regional differences in the prevalence in infectious diseases. Three specific hypotheses are deduced, predicting negative relationships between disease prevalence and (a) unrestricted sociosexuality, (b) extraversion, and (c) openness to experience. These hypotheses were tested empirically with methods that employed epidemiological atlases in conjunction with personality data collected from individuals in dozens of countries worldwide. Results were consistent with all three hypotheses: In regions that have historically suffered from high levels of infectious diseases, people report lower mean levels of sociosexuality, extraversion, and openness. Alternative explanations are addressed, and possible underlying mechanisms are discussed.