Neuropeptide Signaling Networks and Brain Circuit Plasticity.
Neuropeptide Signaling Networks and Brain Circuit Plasticity.
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DOI：
10.1177/1179069518779207
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Arenkiel BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McClard CK;Arenkiel BR
大脑是一个非凡的电路网络，专门负责感觉整合、感知和反应。据估计，大脑的计算能力使大多数现代超级计算机相形见绌，但也许它最吸引人的能力是根据经验在结构上完善自己。在计算机的语言中，大脑加载了一些程序，这些程序编码了何时以及如何改变自己的硬件。这种程序化的“可塑性”是大脑塑造行为以适应不断变化的环境的关键机制。帮助执行这一编程的大量分子命令开始出现。值得注意的是，几种神经肽递质，以前最好的特征是它们在下丘脑内分泌调节中的作用，越来越多地被认为是介导局部大脑回路的活动依赖的精细化。在这里，我们讨论最近的发现，揭示了促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素的局部信号如何重塑小鼠嗅球回路以响应活动，并进一步探索其他局部神经肽网络如何朝着类似的目的发挥作用。
The brain is a remarkable network of circuits dedicated to sensory integration, perception, and response. The computational power of the brain is estimated to dwarf that of most modern supercomputers, but perhaps its most fascinating capability is to structurally refine itself in response to experience. In the language of computers, the brain is loaded with programs that encode when and how to alter its own hardware. This programmed “plasticity” is a critical mechanism by which the brain shapes behavior to adapt to changing environments. The expansive array of molecular commands that help execute this programming is beginning to emerge. Notably, several neuropeptide transmitters, previously best characterized for their roles in hypothalamic endocrine regulation, have increasingly been recognized for mediating activity-dependent refinement of local brain circuits. Here, we discuss recent discoveries that reveal how local signaling by corticotropin-releasing hormone reshapes mouse olfactory bulb circuits in response to activity and further explore how other local neuropeptide networks may function toward similar ends.