Contributions of attachment theory and research: a framework for future research, translation, and policy.
Contributions of attachment theory and research: a framework for future research, translation, and policy.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579413000692
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发表时间：
2013-11
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Shaver PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cassidy J;Jones JD;Shaver PR
近半个世纪来，依恋理论一直是一个富有创造性和影响力的研究领域。在这篇文章中，我们专注于记录的前因和后果的婴儿依恋模式的个体差异，提出进一步的理论澄清，研究，临床干预和政策应用的主题。我们特别关注认知“工作模式”的概念，以及早期依恋经验对后期功能的神经和生理机制。我们认为成人的依恋行为可以预测婴儿的依恋模式，以及父母的AAI分类和婴儿的陌生情境分类之间仍然神秘的“传递差距”。我们还回顾了依恋与（a）儿童精神病理学，（B）神经生物学，（c）健康和免疫功能，（d）同理心，同情心和利他主义，（e）学校准备和（f）文化之间的联系。最后，我们总结了依恋研究在临床转化和公共政策方面的应用，这些研究可以减少婴儿期及以后不安全依恋的发生和维持。我们的目标是激励研究人员通过寻找新的方法来解决长期存在的问题，并通过生成和测试新的假设来继续推进该领域。
Attachment theory has been generating creative and impactful research for almost half a century. In this article we focus on the documented antecedents and consequences of individual differences in infant attachment patterns, suggesting topics for further theoretical clarification, research, clinical interventions, and policy applications. We pay particular attention to the concept of cognitive “working models” and to neural and physiological mechanisms through which early attachment experiences contribute to later functioning. We consider adult caregiving behavior that predicts infant attachment patterns, and the still-mysterious “transmission gap” between parental AAI classifications and infant Strange Situation classifications. We also review connections between attachment and (a) child psychopathology, (b) neurobiology, (c) health and immune function, (d) empathy, compassion, and altruism, (e) school readiness, and (f) culture. We conclude with clinical-translational and public policy applications of attachment research that could reduce the occurrence and maintenance of insecure attachment during infancy and beyond. Our goal is to inspire researchers to continue advancing the field by finding new ways to tackle long-standing questions and by generating and testing novel hypotheses.