Emission physics of the thermionic energy converter
Emission physics of the thermionic energy converter
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热离子能量转换器的发射物理
DOI：
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发表时间：
1963
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Rasor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Rasor
发射过程确定了热离子转换器中可获得的性能的上限。本文简要介绍了达到这一极限必须考虑的基本因素，并概述了有关技术的最新发展。这些过程中共同的热激发的基本要素的概述和结果被用来说明原子，电子和离子发射过程的相互依赖性。这种相互依赖所施加的约束意味着使用基本发射体材料进行有效操作的蒸发寿命存在自然限制。通过使用具有铯吸附层的发射器克服了这种限制，并且由发射过程的相互依赖性所施加的约束规定了这些发射器的有效操作的区域。发生在吸附层的基本过程的考虑允许半定量评价的相对优点不同的材料用作发射器和收集器。非均匀表面的影响进行审查和工作进展，以了解的性质和起源的非均匀性进行了讨论。通过开发均匀和最佳的电极表面，可以大幅提高转换器的性能和再现性。
Emission processes establish the upper limit of the performance obtainable in the thermionic converter. This paper briefly introduces the basic factors which must be considered to achieve this limit and outlines recent developments in the related technology. The basic elements of thermal excitation common to these processes are outlined and the results are used to illustrate the interdependence of the atom, electron and ion emission processes. The constraints imposed by this interdependence imply the existence of a natural limitation on vaporization lifetime for efficient operation using elementary emitter materials. This limitation is overcome by the use of emitters with an adsorbed layer of cesium and constraints imposed by the interdependence of the emission processes prescribe regions of efficient operation of these emitters. Consideration of the basic processes occurring in the adsorbed layer permits semiquantitative evaluation of the relative merit of different materials for use as emitters and collectors. The effect of nonuniform surfaces is reviewed and work in progress to understand the nature and origin of the nonuniformities is discussed. Substantial improvement in converter performance and reproducibility is possible through the development of uniform and optimum electrode surfaces.