Ammonia volatilization from urea in rice fields with zero-drainage water management
Ammonia volatilization from urea in rice fields with zero-drainage water management
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2007.05.016
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Zhang, Zhijian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Hua;Liang, Xinqiang;Zhang, Zhijian
在中国太湖地区余杭（YH）、常熟（CS）和嘉兴（OX）农业研究站进行了3个田间试验，通过“零排水管理”，结合合理灌溉、降雨预报和田间干燥，阐明了水稻生长季节氨挥发（AV）。每个试验点设5个施氮量（0 ~ 360 kg N/ hm2，增量90 kg）。AV采用连续气流封闭法测量。结果表明，施用尿素后10 ~ 12 d内AV全部完成。N360处理第一次追肥（AF1）后，YH、CS和JX试验点2 ~ 4 d内AV率峰值分别达到11.2、9.0和8.5 kg N/ha d。只有在AF1之后的第一个“洪水-干燥”循环期间才需要保持较高的水位。YH、CS和JX 3个试验点总AV通量的季节平均值分别占尿素施用量的4.4 ~ 15.5%、4.4 ~ 12.6%和4.6 ~ 10.9%，表明水旱循环零排水管理对AV的控制效果较好。研究还推测，水稻季总AV通量与氮素速率和季节的相关性大于试验点。(C) 2007 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Three field experiments located at Yuhang (YH), Changshu (CS), and Jiaxing OX) Agricultural Research Stations in the Taihu region of China were conducted to elucidate ammonia volatilization (AV) during rice growing seasons through 'zero-drainage water management', combined with sound irrigation, rainfall forecasting and field drying. The experiment at each site had five N rates (0-360 kg N/ha in 90 kg increments). AV was measured by the continuous airflow enclosure method. Results show that AV was completed within 10-12 days after urea application. The peak values of AV rates after the first topdressing (AF1) at N360 treatment could reach 11.2, 9.0, and 8.5 kg N/ha day within 2-4 days at the YH, CS, and JX sites, respectively. It was only necessary to maintain a higher water level during the first 'flooding-drying' cycle after the AF1. The seasonal averages of the total AV fluxes accounted for 4.4-15.5%, 4.4-12.6%, and 4.6-10.9% of the applied urea at the YH, CS, and JX sites, respectively, suggesting that the zero-drainage water management with flooding-drying cycles was effective for controlling AV. This study also speculates that the total AV flux during the rice season was more N rates and seasons related than sites. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.